Central Nervous System Overview

These flashcards cover the general characteristics of the central nervous system, including its structure, functions, and related clinical applications.

What are the primary components of the central nervous system (CNS)?

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.

What is the function of the brain in relation to the CNS?

The brain controls sensation, perception, movement, and thinking.

What are the three layers of the meninges?

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

CSF provides nutrients, protects the CNS, and maintains stable ionic concentrations.

What connects the brain to the spinal cord?

The brainstem connects the brain to the spinal cord.

What are the four ventricles of the brain?

Two lateral ventricles, third ventricle, and fourth ventricle.

What is hydrocephalus?

A condition characterized by an accumulation of CSF in the ventricles, often treated with the insertion of a shunt.

What are the roles of the cerebrum?

The cerebrum is involved in functions like memory, reasoning, and interpreting sensory information.

What is the primary function of the frontal lobe?

The frontal lobe is responsible for problem solving and voluntary movement.

What is the role of the occipital lobe?

The occipital lobe is responsible for interpreting vision.

What is the difference between short-term and long-term memory?

Short-term memory lasts briefly unless consolidated into long-term memory, which can last a lifetime.

What are basal nuclei?

Basal nuclei are masses of gray matter that help control voluntary movement and consist of the caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus.

What is the function of the pia mater?

The pia mater is the inner layer of the meninges that nourishes the CNS and follows the contours of the brain.

What type of fluid fills the subarachnoid space?

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fills the subarachnoid space.

What major function does the brainstem serve?

The brainstem connects the brain to the spinal cord and regulates vital functions.

What are the functions of the association areas in the cerebral cortex?

Association areas analyze and interpret sensory experiences and provide memory, reasoning, and judgment.