APES Unit 3 Vocab Retention

K-selected species

Species that produce a few, often fairly large offspring but invest a great deal of time and energy to ensure that most of those offspring reach reproductive age.

r-selected species

Species that reproduce early in their life span and produce large numbers of usually small and short-lived offspring in a short period.

density dependent factors

limiting factor that depends on population size

density independent factors

limiting factors that are independent of the size of a population and act to regulate its growth

biotic potential

The maximum rate at which a population could increase under ideal conditions

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.

Malthusian Theory

Starvation is the inevitable result of population growth, because the population increases at a geometric rate while food supply can only increase arithmetically

Rule of 70

A method for determining the number of years it will take for some measure to double, given its annual percentage increase. Example: To determine the number of years it will take for the price level to double, divide 70 by the annual rate of inflation.

Demographic Transition Model

A sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time.

standard of living

the degree of wealth and material comfort available to a person or community.