problem solving, decisionmaking, abd creativity

Problem Solving

Finding a way to achieve a goal that is not immediately obvious.

Trial and Error

Testing solutions until one works.

Algorithm

Step-by-step procedure guaranteeing a solution.

Heuristic

Mental shortcut that simplifies decision making.

Mental Set

Using old strategies that worked before.

Functional Fixedness

Inability to see new uses for objects.

Confirmation Bias

Favoring information that supports beliefs.

Framing

Decisions influenced by wording or presentation.

Overconfidence

Overestimating one’s accuracy.

Creativity

Producing novel and useful ideas.

Divergent Thinking

Generating many possible solutions.

Convergent Thinking

Finding one correct solution.

Brainstorming

Generating ideas without evaluation.

Insight

Sudden realization of a solution.

Incubation

Unconscious problem processing during a break.

Availability Heuristic

Judging likelihood by ease of recall.

Representativeness Heuristic

Judging based on similarity to a prototype.

Metacognition

Thinking about thinking.

Belief Perseverance

Maintaining beliefs despite evidence.

Illusion of Knowing

Believing you understand more than you do.