problem solving, decisionmaking, abd creativity
AP Psychology Flashcards
Problem Solving
Q: What is problem solving?
A: Finding a way to achieve a goal that is not immediately obvious.
Trial and Error
Q: What is trial and error?
A: Testing solutions until one works.
Algorithm
Q: Algorithm definition?
A: Step-by-step procedure guaranteeing a solution.
Heuristic
Q: Heuristic definition?
A: Mental shortcut that simplifies decision making.
Mental Set
Q: Mental set?
A: Using old strategies that worked before.
Functional Fixedness
Q: Functional fixedness?
A: Inability to see new uses for objects.
Confirmation Bias
Q: Confirmation bias?
A: Favoring information that supports beliefs.
Framing
Q: Framing?
A: Decisions influenced by wording or presentation.
Overconfidence
Q: Overconfidence?
A: Overestimating one’s accuracy.
Creativity
Q: Creativity definition?
A: Producing novel and useful ideas.
Divergent Thinking
Q: Divergent thinking?
A: Generating many possible solutions.
Convergent Thinking
Q: Convergent thinking?
A: Finding one correct solution.
Brainstorming
Q: Brainstorming?
A: Generating ideas without evaluation.
Insight
Q: Insight?
A: Sudden realization of a solution.
Incubation
Q: Incubation?
A: Unconscious problem processing during a break.
Availability Heuristic
Q: Availability heuristic?
A: Judging likelihood by ease of recall.
Representativeness Heuristic
Q: Representativeness heuristic?
A: Judging based on similarity to a prototype.
Metacognition
Q: Metacognition?
A: Thinking about thinking.
Belief Perseverance
Q: Belief perseverance?
A: Maintaining beliefs despite evidence.
Illusion of Knowing
Q: Illusion of knowing?
A: Believing you understand more than you do.