Unit 2.3 Expanding Democracy And Federal Power

What was the American Political Party system like during the election of 1824?

All four campaigned as Democratic republicans and the federalist party was gone. Jackson wins Boths popular and electoral vote.

What was the Corrupt Bargain of 1824?

House of Representatives by law of the 12th amendment had to vote between the top three. It was a deal that was unfairly designed to decide the presidential election of 1824. It came down to Quincy Adams VS. Jackson. Henery Clay

How did Andrew Jackson change the way people would run for president?

Jackson opposed a small party of wealthy men ruling and wanted it to be open to more common white men, so that the republic was changed to more of a Democracy so that it would suit everyone else better. The republic was designed more so that the wealthy landowners could rule and vote.

What is a spoils system?

Rewarded loyal supporters’ government positions regardless of if they were qualified.

Why did Jackson’s supports call him the “Peoples president”

He was very strict when it came to equality. He did not pick sides, but instead he tried his best to benefit everyone in a way that did not seem unfair. He also came from a common family/background.

What foreign Policy continued under Andrew Jackson?

Monroe doctrine

Explain the Nullification crisis under President Jackson

Vice president John C. Calhoun served as its leader. It claimed that the Tariff of 1828, was unconstitutional because it benefited northern businesses but hurt those in the South. Conflict between Calhoun and Jackson resulted from the 1798 Kentucky and Virgina resolutions open demand for the nullification of the Tariff, which went beyond those resolutions. Henery Clay comes up with a Solution to stop some southern states from seceding.

What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

Authorized the President to negotiate removal treaties with Indian tribes living east of the Mississippi River. The goal was to remove all American Indians living in existing states and territories and send them to unsettled land in the west.

What were the effects of the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

The Indian Removal Act, resulted in the trail of tears, in which thousand died in the first march from Georgia to Oklahoma.

Who were the Whigs?

The Whigs, were very diverse political leaders. They formed after Jackson’s reelection, they all hated Andrew Jackson.

What was the Industrial Revolution?

It was a time when people started to abandon their jobs to work in factories, as a result of industrializing and the market revolution.

How did the Industrial Revolution influence the Market Revolution?

It influenced the Market Revolution because it resulted in Capitalism, where the means of production are privately held and run for profit, as a result of this, individuals could own property, not the government. It became a free market based on supply and demand, which would determine prices and salaries.

Explain the mudslinging side of the Election of 1828

Quincy Adams campaign said Jackson was the son of a prostitute. Jackson's campaign accused Quincy Adams of being corru

How did Andrew Jackson dismantle the Second Bank of the United States?

-He removed all federal deposits from the bank

- No new deposits

- Existing deposits were used for daily expenses of government

-Bank of the U.S slowly bled dry of money

What were four major effects of Jackson’s war against the Bank of the United States?

-Bank had been stabilizing force in the United States economy

-Cycle of brutal booms and busts began in the next serval decades.

-Several dozen state banks (Pet Banks) recieve federal governments money, because they supported Jackson.

-Pet Banks and “Wildcat” banks flooded the market with worthless paper money

-Expanded the power of presidency

What led to the contribution of slavery at the beginning of the 1800s in the United States?

The demand for slave labor grew due to the rise in global cotton demand. It grew even more as the invention of cotton gin was assembled. The more cotton farmed meant more labor.

What was the major reason for an increase in the South’s slave labor force from 1810 to 1860?

Increased demanded for cotton worldwide. With the invention of the cotton gin, slaves were needed to harvest the cotton and run the gin.

What is the significance of the Battle of the Alamo?

it inspired the rest of Texas to fight against the Mexican army and ultimately resulted in a win over Santa Ana at the Battle of San Jacinto, the Battle of the Alamo was a crucial event in the Texas Revolution and American History. The Alamo was a Spanish monastery that was later transformed into a fort for Spanish troops.

What is transcendentalism?

An intellectual movement, that emerged in the New England region in the late 1830s to early 1840s. In this state both men and women have information about themselves and their surroundings that extends beyond, their senses of sight, hearing, taste, touch, and feeling. We have the capacity to put our own judgment of what is correct in our own hands.

What is the Temperance Movement?

It was a social movement to abstain or abolish intoxicating beverages. It began as a moral and religious movement, and it gained political attention by the end of the 1800s.

Who supported the Temperance Movement?

-Protestant religious groups

-Women

-Factory owners

Who was against the Temperance Movement?

-Immigrants

-Brewers

-distillers

What was Seneca Falls Convention?

It was a movement sought to create greater equality and opportunities for women.

How did Seneca Falls Convention contribute to the Womens Rights Movement?

It helped launch women’s suffrage and other social and political issues

What is the Manifest Destiny?

It was a phrase that coined in 1845, it was the idea that the United States is destined, by God, to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across North American continent.

How did the Manifest Destiny cause sectionalism?

It causes sectionalism because the goal was to enlarge its dominion and disseminate capitalism and democracy throughout the entire continent of North America. The Growth brought economic promise and fueled the concept of manifest destiny, but it also causes tension between sections of society over slavery. As a result, each party wanted to see their ideals spread into the west, there was an increased sectional tension because the north was home to many abolitionists and the south was pro-slavery.

What were the causes of the Mexican American War?

-Mexico refused to recognize Texas independence

-Texan desire for statehood

-American expansion in the west

What were the effects of the Mexican American War?

Main effect was the Treaty of Gudalupe - Hidalgo

-U.S is granted disputed Texas territory

-U.S acquires New Mexico and California territory

-New Mexico is paid $15 million

How did the California Gold Rush change the western territories?

It increased desire for access to natural and mineral resources and the hope of many settlers for economic opportunities or religious refuge led to an increased migration.

Explain the Compromise of 1850

-California would be admitted as a free state,

-ban slave trade in Washington DC but not slavery.

-Texans would give up part of its land to New Mexico territory for $10 million debt payment.

-Popular sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah Territories

-Fugitive Slave Law

What was the Underground Railroad?

The Underground Railroad was a secret network of routes and safe houses that helped enslaved people escape to freedom

John C. Calhoun

Vice president during John Quincy Adams’s presidency and the first term of Andrew Jackson’s presidency. He was a strong supporter of slavery and was a reason for the nullification crisis in his native state of South Carolina.

Martin Van Bueren

Vice president during Andrew Jackson’s second term and becomes president after two terms. He was politically Brillant, but the panic of 1837 and the continued Indian removal during his presidency made him unpopular and a one-term presidency.

Horace Mann

Advocate for public education that led campaigns for free elementary school, better teacher training, improve books and compulsory attendance.

Lucretia Mott

A quaker who was a feminist activist, abolitionist, social reformer, a pacifists who helped launch the Women’s rights movement.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

An abolitionist, human rights activist and one of the first leaders of the Women’s right movement who came from a privileged background and well-known New York Family

James K. Polk

President of the United States during the Mexican - American war and also negotiated the Oregon treaty with the British, giving the united states present - day Oregon, Idaho, and Washington, as well as control of the Columbia river

Zachary Taylor

President of the United States who was a wealthy slave owner from Louisiana and US army war veteran. His position on slavery was complicated as he believed slavery should not spread to the new US territories but did not free his slaves after his death in office.

Millard Fillmore

President of the United States that signed the compromise of 1850 at the beginning of his presidency that postponed for ten years the inevitable American civil war between the north and the south.

John Quincy Adams

He was the son of the 2^nd president John Adams, he was a Democratic- Republican. He implemented a network of roads and canals to make transportation easier. Promotes arts and education, he also endorses Henery Clay’s American System.

Andrew Jackson

Described as tall, thin, and irritable. He is nicknamed “Old Hickory”, which was given to him during the War of 1812. He was tough and stubborn. He appleaed to the common man. One of the few presidents that followed the Spoils system, which rewarded loyal supporters government positions.