Recreating Anatomy for Regenerative Medicine – Stem cells

where do embryonic stem cells originate from

-originate from inner cell mass of blastocyte

embryonic stem cell properties

-self-renewing

-pluripotent

-can generate 254 cell types originating adult tissues

where do adult stem cells originate from

-created during ontogeny and persist within the niche in most adult animal tissue/organs

adult stem cell properties

-self renewing

-multipotent

-maintain tissue homeostasis in physiological and pathological condtions

where do induced pluripotent stem cells originate from

-from somatic differentiated cells after transduction

induced pluripotent stem cells properties

-self renewing

-pluripotent

-mature differentiated cells that are reprogrammed to become pluripotent

what is an adult stem cell

-undifferentiated cell found in some organs

-self renew and differentiate to become most/all specialised cell types within specific organ

how are stem cells behaviour controlled

-by niche

-gives them signals to either self renew (make more) or proliferate then differentiate

what is a cellular niche

-when stem cell is controlled by nearby supporting cell

what is a non cellular niche

-control comes from extra-cellular matrix

-ecm provides signals and physical support that regulated stem behaviour