Honors History Quiz Study Guide

All notes!

Absolutism

Political rule that is unlimited or unrestrained.

Divine Right

Justification of royal power based on God's will.

Louis XIV

French king known for absolute monarchy and Versailles.

Cardinal Richelieu

Chief minister who strengthened royal power in France.

Thirty Years' War

Last major religious conflict in Europe.

Gustavus Adolphus

Swedish king who aided Protestants in Thirty Years' War.

Peace of Westphalia

Ended Thirty Years' War, recognized independent states.

Edict of Nantes

Granted religious freedom to French Huguenots.

Versailles

Lavish palace built by Louis XIV near Paris.

Frederick William

Prussian ruler known as 'the Great Elector'.

Hohenzollern

Dynasty that unified Prussia into a major power.

Habsburgs

Austrian rulers controlling vast territories in Europe.

Ivan IV

First ruler to take the title 'Czar'.

Peter I

Russian ruler known as 'Peter the Great'.

Westernization

Adoption of Western ideas and technology in Russia.

Great Northern War

Conflict where Russia defeated Sweden for Baltic access.

Catherine II

Russian empress known for territorial expansion.

English Civil War

Conflict between Parliament and King Charles I.

Roundheads

Puritan supporters of Parliament during the Civil War.

Cavaliers

Royalist supporters of King Charles I.

Oliver Cromwell

Leader of Roundheads, established the Protectorate.

Restoration

Period when the Stuart monarchy was restored in England.

Bill of Rights

Document limiting royal power in England.

Glorious Revolution

Bloodless overthrow of King James II.

Treaty of Utrecht

Ended War of Spanish Succession, limited French power.

Pragmatic Sanction

Charles VI's decree to ensure Maria Theresa's succession.

William Pitt

British statesman who led during the Seven Years' War.

Partition of Poland

Division of Polish territory among Prussia, Russia, Austria.

Treaty of Paris

Ended Seven Years' War, ceded territories to Britain.