Cognition and Problem Solving

These flashcards cover important concepts related to cognition, problem solving strategies, intelligence, and testing as discussed in the lecture.

Problem Solving

A mental process that involves discovering, analyzing and solving problems.

Tower of Hanoi

A game that requires moving discs from one peg to another following specific rules.

Cognition

The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.

Heuristic

A simple, efficient rule or method used to make decisions or solve problems.

Hill Climbing Heuristic

A problem-solving strategy that involves moving toward the goal state without considering backwards steps.

Analogical Reasoning

A method of problem solving that draws on past experiences with similar problems.

Nine Dot Problem

A problem that illustrates how people impose unnecessary constraints on their thought processes.

Availability Heuristic

A mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to a person's mind when evaluating a specific topic.

General Intelligence (g factor)

A measure of intelligence that correlates with performance on various cognitive tasks.

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

A score derived from standardized tests designed to measure intelligence.

Reliability in Testing

The consistency of a test's results over time or across different populations.

Validity in Testing

The extent to which a test measures what it claims to measure.

Expertise

Extensive knowledge or skill in a particular area.