Art Appreciation - Week Eight Art Study Guide

The name of the earliest known film

Roundhay Garden Scene is the name of the earliest known film

Stroboscopic Motion

The effect created when we see two or more repeated images in quick succession in such a way that they visually fuse together

Phénakisticope

A paper disc with a series of subtly different drawings on it

Animation

Motion pictures in which the images are not photographic in origin

The Persistence of Vision

The optical phenomenon where an image seen by the human eye persists for a brief moment even after the stimulus has been removed, fundamental to perceiving motion from still images

Zoetrope

A spinning cylinder with a series of slits in it that focus the viewer's eyes on just a few of the images, for a smoother animation effect

Flip Book

A stack of paper filled with drawings that form an animation when one flips through the stack

Frame Rate

How frequently the images change within a motion picture

24 fps

The standard frame rate for film and animation

Frame

A single image of a film or video

Slow-Motion

An effect where time appears to slow down on screen

Cinématographe

A hand-cranked device that functioned both as the camera and the projector of the film also means “the writing of movement”; the Lumiere Brothers invented the Cinematographe and released the first publicly shown films

Stop-Motion Animation

An animation technique that uses numerous still images of real objects being moved ever so slightly between each frame to create the illusion of motion; The Humpty Dumpty Circus by Albert E. Smith is known film made with Stop-Motion Animation

Claymation

A stop motion animation that uses figures and props made of clay as the elements that are manipulated during filming; Long Live The Bull by Joseph Sunn is the world's first Claymotion

Shots

Any uninterrupted length of film

Film Editing

into longer films through this process

Movie

In which an editor uses the best shots to create intentional sequences of footage known as a Movie

Montage

The use of multiple fast-paced shots from different angles placed one after the other to show many aspects of a single event: The Odessa Steps Massacre is the most famous montage

Score

An original musical composition created to accompany a specific film

Camera Angle

The position the camera is placed in while it films

Special Effects (SFX)

Technical visual tricks used to stimulate the imaginary elements of a movie-made in George Lucas 1977 film, Star Wars

Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI)

Special effects created with the aid of computer processing with live footage

Computer Animation

Animated films that are entirely rendered with computer programs

Video

A method of encoding moving images onto magnetic tapes using electromagnetic waves which was invented by John Logie Baird in 1924

Optical-Disc Technologies

A method of encoding information in minor physical variations of the disc’s surface that are interpreted into visual data with the aid of a beam of light technology such as a laser; Examples include Laser Disc, DVD, and BluRay

Digital Camera

Cameras that use electronic light sensors to capture and store light as binary data

Windsor Mckay

is responsible for the first hand-animated film, Gertie The Dinosaur

Algorist

Artists who create art using algorithmic procedures that include their own algorithms/code; The first generative artists

Post-Digital Painting

A style of painting in which an artist recreates, in actual paint, images that were initially created by digital processes; Chris Finley was part of this organization

NFT

Non-fungible token: Non-fungible token means that something is unique and can’t be replaced. By contrast, physical money and cryptocurrencies are fungible, which means they can be trade or exchanged for one another

SOFTWARE show began in 1970

The year the SOFTWARE show began

Stelarc

was an artist who had an ear grown on his arm

AARON

was the first AI Artist

Action Painting

Application of paint to canvas by dripping, splashing, or smearing that emphasizes the artist’s gestures; Jackson Pollock was famous for his Action Paintings

Performance Art

A work involving the human body, usually including the artist, in front of an audience

Happening

Impromptu art action, initiated and planned by an artist, the outcome of which is not known in advance; Allan Kaprow invented this idea

Conceptual Art

Artwork in which the ideas are most important to the work: The look of art is not more important than the idea behind it

Installation

Originally referring to the hanging of pictures and arrangement of objects in an exhibition, installation may also refer to an intentional environment created as a completed artwork; Kara Walker’s artwork, A Subtley is an example of this

Tableau

A stationary scene arranged for artistic impact

Comic

Combining words and pictures and putting them in sequence

Moment-to-Moment

Like animation where there are just very small changes and it is almost like each panel is one or two seconds passing by

Action-to-Action

Basically moment to moment but extended out: Example- Ikea catalog; A sequence of images that is telling you the actions you need to go through to put together a piece of furniture

Subject-to-Subject

When you change between different subjects in a scene; requires more closure on the audience's part

Scene-to-Scene

Showing the viewer different times and perspectives(check)

Aspect-to-Aspect

More seen in manga; It is like if you took a bunch of photos of the same place from different angles but they are all at the same time

Non-Sequitur

Images that don’t have an obvious connection, leading to the views having to interpret it.

Word Specific

Picture illustrates but does not significantly add to a largely completed text.

Picture Specific

The picture is more important; you don’t need words or sound effects to understand the situation.

Duo-Specific

Panels in which the words and pictures send out the same message.

Additive

Words amplify or elaborate on an image.

Parallel

Words and pictures follow different directions without intersecting.

Montage

Words are treated as integral parts of the picture