Chapter 7 Reading Quiz

reading quiz + 10 extra questions

How did the North American colonies impact the Industrial Revolution?

They increased demand for consumer goods.

The Russian Charter of the Nobility was issued by ________.

Catherine the Great

The rapid growth of capital cities between 1600 and 1750 was tied to what other development?

centralization of power

For eighteenth-century Europeans, rights were usually ________ rights.

community

What did the introduction of maize and the potato represent for Eastern Europe?

a significant nutritional gain and agricultural change

The use of wet nurses was ________.

an economic necessity for many women

For girls that became servants, this work was generally ________.

prelude to marriage

Factory production of purely cotton fabric was made possible by the invention of the

water frame

How were Jewish children singled out for persecution?

They could be taken from their homes and given Christian instruction.

The enclosure movement in eighteenth-century England did which of the following?

Encouraged the development of market oriented agricultural production

In which of these would you be most likely to encounter small, nuclear households?

the Netherlands

In the 1700s, urban riots were generally

conservative and spontaneous

The leader of the brutally suppressed Russian rebellion in 1773 and 1775 was ________.

Emelyan Pugachev

The Polish szlachta, compared to the English nobility, were ________.

much more powerful

Which analogy makes an accurate connection?

Watt to the steam engine

In preindustrial Europe, the dominant concern of married women was

producing enough farm goods to ensure an adequate food supply

Given what you know about the impact of the industrial revolution on the lives of women, which of the following statements is most applicable?

The role and importance of women already in the work force diminished

The single largest free-trade area in Europe during the eighteenth century was

Great Britain

In the years between 1600 and 1750, the cities that grew most vigorously were ________.

capitals and ports

French nobles were technically responsible for payment of the vingtième, which resembles what modern-
day tax?

income tax

The aristocratic resurgence was a sign that

the position of Europe's nobility was being challenged

The painting Robert Andrews and His Wife illustrates what traditional linkage of the Old Regime?

land and nobility

The idea that luxury would not lead to moral decay was supported by ________.

David Hume

Which of the following was most central to the development of the early Industrial Revolution?

The shift from human and animal power to mechanical power

During the eighteenth century, bread prices ________.

slowly but steadily rose

The largest single group in eighteenth century cities was composed of

shopkeepers, artisans, and wage earners

Between 1700 and 1800, Europe's population rose from 100-120 million people to

almost 190 million people

The Englishman Henry Cort was responsible for the process in iron smelting known as

puddling

What inventor became famous for using an iron plow and planting wheat with a drill?

Jethro Tull

What event probably marked the start of the age of the ghetto?

the expulsion of the Jews from Spain

In the eighteenth century and thereafter, the Jewish population of Europe was concentrated in

Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine

In the 1700s, the middle classes were distinguished from the nobility by

inherited privilege

During the eighteenth century, young peasant women in western Europe increasingly

left home to work as domestic servants

In general, the standard of living of the average worker in England improved in the eighteenth century primarily because

the cost of luxury items such as coffee, tea, sugar, and chocolate decreased

The change that rationalized the use of land and created higher productivity was the

Agricultural Revolution

The price of Russian rulers' concessions to the nobles of Russia was

persistent harsh conditions for Russian serfs

Which of the following was a clearly defined long-term result of the shift in female employment?

Women's work became associated with the home rather than with places where men worked.

Women were particularly vulnerable to disease and death resulting from

puerperal fever

In pre-industrial Europe, the economy of a household that developed on farms, in artisans' workshops, and in small merchants' shops, was known as the ________ economy.

family

In eighteenth-century Europe, the nobility consisted of approximately ________ percent of the population.

1 to 5

Until the late eighteenth century, European Jews who did not convert to Christianity

were discriminated against

French nobles were divided between nobles "of the sword" and nobles "of the

robe

The steam engine was revolutionary because it

provided a virtually unlimited source of power

Britain's leading role in the industrial revolution was largely due to

favorable conditions

Which of these is generally related to neolocalism?

later marriage

Landlords considered Russian serfs to be

economic commodities

The bourgeoisie was the ________ class.

urban middle

What persuaded people to bathe regularly toward the middle of the eighteenth century?

New ideas emerged about the benefits of bathing on good health.

The term "Old Regime" has come to refer to the

social, political, and economic relationships in Europe just prior to the French Revolution

A frequent method employed to make the many very young boys and girls working in new British industries obey the owner's factory discipline was

repeated beatings

James Watt was vital to the Industrial Revolution for his invention of

a rotary engine that could spin and weave cotton

Introduced from the New World, what new product allowed a more certain food supply in Europe and enabled more children to survive to adulthood and rear children of their own?

potato

The smallest, wealthiest, and best-defined aristocracy resided in

Britain

Improvements associated with the Agricultural Revolution of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries began in

the Low Countries and Britain

The first engine using steam power was invented by

Thomas Newcomen

In the 1700s, being a servant was generally

a temporary condition

Who was permitted to hunt for game according to the traditional ways of the Old Regime?

landowners

Most Europeans in the 1700s took part in the

family economy

The Industrial Revolution came first to

Britain

What industry pioneered the Industrial Revolution?

textiles

The incentive for the development of large factories associated with England's early Industrial Revolution was primarily connected with which of the following?

The mechanization of the spinning process in the textile industry

The Dutch exemplified which of these responses to population growth?

increasing agricultural productivity

The economic basis of eighteenth-century life was

land

Why did middle-class people show an increased interest in Wedgwood's fine porcelain?

Middle-class people admired the porcelain sold to the aristocracy and wanted to have something similar for themselves.

Historians generally agree that the Industrial Revolution began

sometime after 1750