Force
a push or pull
Gravitational Force
The force of attraction between 2 or more masses at some distance (strength: weak scale: large) ex. Earth and sun
Electromagnetic force:
Force of attraction/repulsion between opposite/like charges/poles at some distance. (Strength: 1x10 x's stronger than Fg Scale: small) ex. Atoms {+ nucleus, - electrons)
Strong nuclear force:
Force that binds the nucleus (Strength: 100x's than Fe&m scale: tiny) ex. Nucleus (protons and neutrons)
Weak nuclear force:
Force that governs radioactive decay
radioactive decay:
When an unstable nucleus emits particles or light to gain stability (Strength: 1x10 weaker than Fsn [most of the time] Scale: tiny) ex. Beta decay
Grand unified theory:
The search for one force
Grand unified theory proof
Maxwell unified electricity and magnetism
Gravitational lensing: curved space which is believed to cause gravity appears to bend light
NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION
1.)law of inertia: an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion in a straight line will stay in motion in a straight line unless acted on by an outside force. 2.)law of impulse: the sum of the forces acting on an object equals its mass times its acceleration 3.) conservation of momentum: every action has an equal or opposite reaction
inertia
an object's resistance to changes in motion
mass
measure of inertia
Left side of law of impulse:
what we know about how forces work
Right side of law of impulse:
what we see
weight:
the force of gravity at or near the earth's surface
normal force:
a reaction force due to contact with a surface
Friction:
force that opposes motion
coefficient of friction:
an experimentally derived constant that explains the interaction between 2 surfaces 2 types of coefficient of friction static, kinetic
Static is always greater than kinetic.
Tension:
pull of a rope
Spring force:
recoil of a spring