Organisms and their Environment (4.1-4.9)

Herbivores

________- Animals that gain energy by eating plants.

Indigestable material

________ within an organism- Some parts of eaten marterial can not be digested or used by the consumer.

Decomposers

________- Organisms that gain energy by breaking down dead, or organic waste material.

Producer

________- An organism that makes its own organic nutrients, usually from sunlight via photosynthesis.

Carnivores

________- Animals that gain energy by eating other consumers.

trophic level

The arrows in a food chain show the transfer of energy from one ________ to the next.

Decomposition

________: Decomposers break down animal and plant proteins and nitrogenous waste products to into ammonium.

Nitrification

________: nitrifying bacteria convert ammonium into nitrates in order to obtain energy.

Maintenance of body temperature

________- Energy is used in homeostasis.

Population

________: All the members of a single species that live in a habitat.

Exponential growth

________ due to ideal conditions and maximum growth rate is achieved.

Movement

________- Energy is used for ________.

Respiration

________- Energy is used to ________.

Sudden environmental change

________ causes an inability of the environment to support the population.

Ecosystem

________: A unit containing the community of organisms and their environment, interacting together.

Energy

________ is transferred from one organism to another by ingestion (eating)

Pyramid of Biomass

________- shows how much dry mass the organisms have at each trophic level.

Consumer

________- An organism that gains energy by feeding on other organisms.

Production of nitrogenous waste products

________: Animals can not store excess protein in their bodies.

Nitrogen fixation

________: Legume plants contain ________ bacteria.

Food Chain

________- shows the transfer of energy from one organism to the next, beginning with a producer.

Trophic Level

________: the position of an organism in a food chain, food web, pyramid of numbers, or the pyramid of biomass.

***Ecosystem

 ***a unit containing all of the organisms and their environment, interacting together, in a given area

Food Web

A network of interconnected food chains

Producer

An organism that makes its own organic nutrients, usually from sunlight via photosynthesis

Consumer

An organism that gains energy by feeding on other organisms

Herbivores

Animals that gain energy by eating plants

Carnivores

Animals that gain energy by eating other consumers

Decomposers

Organisms that gain energy by breaking down dead, or organic waste material

Shows interdependence 

how the change in one population can affect others within the food web

Trophic Level

the position of an organism in a food chain, food web, pyramid of numbers, or the pyramid of biomass

Respiration

Energy is used to respire

Movement

Energy is used for movement

Maintenance of body temperature

Energy is used in homeostasis

Indigestable material within an organism

Some parts of eaten marterial cannot be digested or used by the consumer

Food Pyramids

graphical representations that show feeding relationships of organisms at each trophic level

Pyramid of Number

A pyramid of numbers shows how many organisms we are talking about at each level of a food chain

Pyramid of Biomass

shows how much dry mass the organisms have at each trophic level

Nitrogen-fixation

Legume plants contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Production of nitrogenous waste products

Animals cannot store excess protein in their bodies

Decomposition

Decomposers break down animal and plant proteins and nitrogenous waste products to into ammonium

Nitrification

nitrifying bacteria convert ammonium into nitrates in order to obtain energy

Uptake of nitrates

Plants absorb nitrates from the soil into their roots and use the nitrates to produce their proteins

Population

All the members of a single species that live in a habitat

Community

A combination of all populations of different species in an ecosystem

Ecosystem

A unit containing the community of organisms and their environment, interacting together