History Quiz One Study Guide

Primogeniture

right of inheritance belongs exclusively to the eldest son

How did the enclosure movement foster England's desire to colonize?

The enclosure movement led to landless,unemployed farmers wandering England and sending them to colonies was seen as a way to relieve the problems this movement created

The Protestant Reformation gained momentum as a protest against the Catholic Church with the 95 theses of

Martin Luther

The stockholders that invested in the Virginia Company were motivated primarily by:

Financial Profit

In the "Starving Time" of 1609-1610, what did Jamestown settlers resort to?

Cannibalism, eating horses, dogs, rats, boots

What did John Smith promise Englishmen that did not work?

Claimed that if the men of Jamestown did not work, they would not eat

What was true of indentured servants?

-Their master could not determine whether they could marry
-In exchange for 7 years of work, the Virginia Company provided housing, clothing, and food. At the end of the 7 years, the servant would be granted 100 acres of land.

What did he headright system in the Virginia Colony promise?

They would give 50 acres of land to any man that could get himself there, then an additional 50 acres for every slave

The Jamestown colony finally attained a measure of prosperity from:

tobacco

John Rolfe brought what crop to Jamestown?

Tobacco

What factors pulled people to settle in Jamestown during the early 1600s?

-Chance of gaining land
-Freedom of religion
-Gold
-Headright system
-For women, the chance to choose who you wanted to marry

On average, how many slaves survived the Middle Passage?

1 in 6 slaves died on the trip

What did the transatlantic voyage, known as the middle passage, help perpetuate what belief?

Widespread racist beliefs that views Africans as "beasts of burden" rather than human beings; helped bring about and perpetuate the middle passage

During Colonial America, a distinctive southern culture is defined, establishing roles of:

Slave culture; women were caretakers and men worked

The Mayflower Compact claimed:

(1620) the first agreement for self-government in America; signed by 41 men on the mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony (The pilgrims would rule themselves based on majority rule of townsmen)

When Massachusetts leader John Winthrop spoke of "a city upon a hill," he was referring to that colony's desire to:

serve as a model Christian community

Early settlers of Puritan New England typically lived:

in communities where church and state were not separate

What are explanations/causes for the Salem witch craze? Which is the best explanation?

Evidence: admissions of guilt, supernatural strength/weakness, unusual physical characteristics, anger followed by mischief, spectral evidence

Boredom, strong belief in the occult, rivalries, scapegoats, ergot poisoning, PTSD from Native American wars

Anne Hutchinson was kicked out of Massachusetts Bay Colony because she challenged who/what?

She would not follow the strict religious practices of the puritans and therefore was put on trial before she was banned from Massachusetts

Which colony was vastly governed by religion?

New England

Why was slavery less prevalent in the northern colonies?

The small farms of the northern colonies did not need slaves.

Slaves who lived in northern colonies:

usually lived and worked under the same roof as their masters

Who was the founder of Rhode Island and is remembered for religious freedom and the separation of church and state?

Roger Williams

What were attributes of colonial American women? What sphere did they operate in?

"Private sphere"; men took care of public affairs and the women took care of the home

The first Jews in the colonies arrived in what colony?

Why were the Middle Colonies called the "breadbasket" colonies?

Because wheat was the main crop grown in this region.

What colony (later to become a state) had a great distribution of ethnic groups of European origin?

Pennsylvania?

What was William Penn's goal in establishing his colony

To have a place to live without persecution (Pennsylvania/Delaware)

What was true of the English quakers?

Pacifists, refused to take oaths, suffered great persecution, counted William penn as one of their own

The major cause of King Philip's War was:

Indian resentment over forced conversions to Christianity

What were the key characteristics of the Metacom's life?

Metacom was the chief of the Wampanoag; the people of Massachusetts were intimidated by him and marked him to be a menace. He was killed by an informer.