Studied by 4 people
What are the rules for word order called? | |||||||||
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Syntax
This is a true model of the mental grammar of language | |||||||||
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Descriptive grammar |
When the pronunciation of words seems to reflect their meaning it is known as__________. | |||||||||
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Sound Symbolism |
This is mostly unconscious knowledge about sounds, structures, meanings, words, and rules for combining linguistic elements. | |||||||||
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Linguistic Knowledge |
What is the study of the meaning of morphemes, words, phrases, and sentences? | |||||||||
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Semantics |
Linguistic rules that are taught or enforced are called | |||||||||
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Prescriptive grammar |
What does it mean to know a language? | |||||||||
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Selected Answer: | D. All of the above. |
________________ have a communication system that relies on dance to convey information about the location and quality of food sources to the rest of the hive. | |||||||||
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Honeybees |
Universal grammar shows that the human brain is designed to learn_________________, not just speech. | |||||||||
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language |
What is the name of the ability to talk about things that are not physically present? | |||||||||
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Displacement |
Non-verbal communication does not use_________. | |||||||||
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words |
What is the study of how humans make and perceive speech sounds? | |||||||||
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Phonetics |
What is the sound system of a language? | |||||||||
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Phonology |
This is a not an example of onomatopoeia | |||||||||
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Mow |
This is the social use of language | |||||||||
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Pragmatics |
Morphemes that change the meaning and/or part of speech of a root are called | |||||||||
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Derivational |
Consider these nouns in Zulu: umfani - boy abafani - boys umzali - parent abazali - parents umfundisi - teacher abafundisi - parents What is the morpheme meaning plural in Zulu? | |||||||||
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aba |
This is the smallest unit of grammatical form. A unit of sound plus a meaning unit. | |||||||||
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Morpheme |
Our mental dictionary holds | |||||||||
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Pronunciation, meaning, orthography, grammatical category |
Which is an example of a stem? | |||||||||
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The realistic in unrealistic |
Morphemes that have only grammatical function and never change the part of speech of the root are called | |||||||||
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Inflectional |
These are words that convey conceptual meaning (nouns, verbs, adjectives); open-class. | |||||||||
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Content words |
These are words that convey grammatical meaning (articles, prepositions, conjunctions); Closed class | |||||||||
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Function |
Which is an example of a stem? | |||||||||
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C. The real in unrealistic |
This is an affix that attaches to both ends of a root.
Answers: | A. Suffix |
B. Prefix | |
C. Circumfix | |
D. Infix |
C.
Circumfix
A base word upon which other morphemes could be affixed is called | |||||||||
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Root |
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Back formation |
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discreteness |
umfani - boy abafani - boys umzali - parent abazali - parents umfundisi - teacher abafundisi - parents What is the morpheme meaning singular in Zulu? | |||||||||
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um |
In the word REFUELED, "refuel" is the | |||||||||
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Stem |
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S-V-O |
What is the definition of syntax? | |||||||||
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the rules of sentence formation |
Universal grammar shows that the human brain is designed to learn_________________, not just speech. | |||||||||
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language |
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It can only have one noun phrase. |
The internal structure of phrasal categories can be captured using the ____________. | |||||||||
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X-bar Schema |
In the phrase The child ate Which part is the VP? | |||||||||
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2.
ate
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Deictic |
Universal Grammar (UG) provides the basic design for all languages, and each language has its own parameters, or variations on the basic plan. Which of the following is NOT accurate: | |||||||||
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All sentences are headed by their lexical category. |
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lexical categories |
The subunits of sentences are called... | |||||||||
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B. constituents |
Syntactic categories are also known as... | |||||||||
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parts of speech |
n the phrase: The child ate What is the NP? | |||||||||
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the child |
75% of world languages use this sentence structure | |||||||||
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S-V-O |
Topicalization is used to bring attention to the constituent in what language? | |||||||||
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American sign language (ASL) |
In the sentence "The dog walked quickly," this is a determiner. | |||||||||
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The |
(Extra Credit) The most important letter of the alphabet is.. | |||||||||
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Answers: | A. L |
Where are the vocal folds located? | |||||||||
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In the Larynx |
The 4 mechanisms responsible for speech production are: | |||||||||
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Respiration, phonation, resonation, articulation |
Which American English sounds are produced with the velum lowered to allow air to escape out the nose? | |||||||||
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n, m, ing
Word pairs whose meanings fall on a continuous spectrum are called | |||||||||
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2.
gradable pairs
Big and small share the _______________ of size. | |||||||||
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semantic feature |
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Hungry desks watch suns read quietly.
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high, mid, low, front, central, back
Whenever the first sentence is true, means the second sentence must also be true, is called | |||||||||||
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4.
entailment
To make voice, air has to travel from the lungs through the __________ (in which order)? | |||||||||
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A.
Trachea -> Vocal Folds -> Pharynx -> Oral/Nasal Cavity
This is everything non-linguistic in the environment of a speaker. | |||||||||
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Situational context |
NASA is an example of ... | |||||||||
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an acronym
The ability to attribute mental states - beliefs, intents, desires, emotions, knowledge, etc. to oneself and to others, and to understand that others have beliefs, desires, intentions, and perspectives that are different from one's own is referred to as________. | |||||||||
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A.
Theory of Mind
This type of phonetics focuses on how the vocal tract produces the sounds of language | |||||||||
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Articulatory
***An element of meaning separate from reference and more enduring; the manner in which an expression presents the reference is called
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4.
Sense
The space between the vocal folds is called the... | |||||||||
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A.
glottis
"They arrived one after the other in succession" is an exampe of a: | |||||||||
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C.
Tautology
What is the name for words formed by a proper name? | |||||||||
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Eponyms
**NFL for National Football League is an example of... | |||||||||
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an alphabetic abbreviation
**The verb object has the stress on which syllable? | |||||||||
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ject
**The 'sh' sound is made by placing the tongue | |||||||||
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at the palate
The /i/ sound in the word "beat" is an example of what kind of vowel sound? | |||||||||
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Tense
It has been proposed that a universal set of phonological constraints exists and that this set is ordered with some constraints being more highly ranked. This is called__________
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Optimality Theory
Which American English sounds are produced with the velum lowered to allow air to escape out the nose? | |||||||||
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n, m, ing
An example of dissimilation is: | |||||||||
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surprise -> suprise
The /g/ sound is made by placing the tongue back | |||||||||
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at the velum
This was invented in order to have a system in which there was a one-to-one correspondence between each sound in a language and each phonetic symbol. | |||||||||
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2.
International Phonetic Alphabet
An example of an allomorph is | |||||||||
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plural /s/
This type of phonetics focuses on the physical properties of the sounds of language | |||||||||
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Acoustic
Each phoneme has one or more sounds called _____________ associated with it. | |||||||||
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allophones
What is the place, manner, and voicing of /z/? | |||||||||
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alveolar, fricative, voiced
pat/bat, chew/shoe, file/vial are all examples of: | |||||||||
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Minimal pairs
Vowels are classified by 6 possible tongue positions, which may include: | |||||||||
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high, mid, low, front, central, back
The sounds /b/ and /p/ share the distinctive feature of _________. | |||||||||
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+ bilabial
What is a language that does not seem to be related to any other living languages called?
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Language isolate
Which choice is false; Language extinction may occur due to: | |||||||||
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Periodic language death
An example of a lexical change that occurs in languages is | |||||||||
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word coinage
When a speaker alternates between two or more languages or dialects in the context of a single conversation this is called_________________ | |||||||||
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code switching
Grimm's Law states that | |||||||||
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Over time, sounds in language changed in manner and voicing.
Across American English dialects you are most likely to hear differences in ___________. | |||||||||
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vowels
What is NOT a reason languages change over time? | |||||||||
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All of these are ways language changes over time
Which of the following is NOT considered part of a dialect? | |||||||||
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A first language impacting a second language
The speech habits specific to a particular person may include dialect, linguistic characteristics. A person’s unique way of speaking is called
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idiolect
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Forms of speech and language associated with a particular region, social class or ethnicity are called ______________. | |||||||||
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dialects
Kleenex, vasoline, and jello, common English words are all examples of... | |||||||||
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eponyms
What is the name for words formed by a proper name? | |||||||||
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Eponyms
The word smog is an example of a | |||||||||
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blend
***Children already know most of the grammar of their native language by the time they are how old? | |||||||||
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4-5 years old |
When a child states "mommy milk" they are probably going through which stage of language development? | |||||||||
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telegraphic
Which sounds are acquired first in development? | |||||||||
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Vowels
The critical period for language acquisition is... | |||||||||
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A.
from birth to middle childhood.
What measures an average of how long a child's utterances are? | |||||||||
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D.
Mean Length Utterance
This is the idea that children experiencing bilingual language development initially construct only one lexicon and one grammar. | |||||||||
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D.
Unitary System Hypothesis
Children learn language in stages in which order? | |||||||||
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B.
Babbling, Holophrastic, Telegraphic
When a child uses the word "dog" to refer to all four legged animals this is referred to as... | |||||||||
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overextension |
Note 
Flashcard (35)