exam 3 companion

the pet food industry uses which energy partitioning system?

metabolizable energy

NFE is a calculated estimation of which nutrient

carbohydrate

Daily food intake is calculated based on the energy requirements of the animal. t/f (1)

true (1)

all of the following are required to be listed on the guaranteed analysis of pet food except

A) crude fiber

B) moisture

C) crude fat

D) ash

E) all are require

D)Ash

nutrient values on the guaranteed analysis of the pet food are on an ___basis

As-fed

list and describe 1 reason why carbohydrates are included in pet food

starch helps with the structure of kibble and is cheaper source of energy

dogs and cats have a requirement for which of the following

protein

list and describe 1 health benefit of dietary fiber for dogs and or cats

improves intestinal health, helping pass hair and maintain stool quality.

Grains are the most common food allergens for dogs? t/f (1)

false (1)

calculate the maintenance energy requirement of a 40lb adult, do RER 70 kcal

MER= RER x 1.2 for a neutered healthy adult

40/2.2 (18.18)^ 0.75

8.80 × 70= 6.16 × 1.2 = 739.2

on an as-fed basis, canned food will contain more energy than kibble t/f (2)

false (2)

if you are converting the protein content of a diet from as-fed to dry matter, the value will___(increase/decrease)

increase

cats have an additional requirement for which amino acid

taurine

dogs have a higher protein requ8irement than cats t/f (3)

false (3)

which ingredient has a higher protein content

chicken meal (anything with meal at the end)

high protein diets cause kidney problems t/f (4)

false (4)

which of the following is an essential fatty acid for cats but not for dogs

Arachidonic acid (AA)

which nutrient provides the most energy

fat

dogs and cats can synthesize vitamin D through sun exposure t/f (5)

false (5)

dogs and cats do not have a dietary requirement for vitamin C t/f (2)

true (2)

large breed puppies should be supplemented with calcium t/f (6)

false (6)

AAFCO is the agency that regulates pet food t/f (7)

false (7)

what is the key ingredient in extrusion

starch

canned pet food is considered a low acid food t/f (3)

true (3)

describe ingredient splitting in pet food. Make sure to indicate why it is used?

a marketing trick that hides fillers and makes pet food seem more meat-rich than it really is.

meat by products include hair, horns, teeth, and hoofs t/f (8)

false (8)

according to AAFCO fresh pet food can be frozen t/f (9)

false (9)

there is no AAFCO definition for gently cooked pet food t/f (4)

true (4)

raw diets often cause food safety concerns concerns for pets t/f (10)

false (10)

which of the following is not a function of the female reproductive tract?

A) transport sperm

B) parturition

C) produce oocytes

D) all of the above

D) all of the above

In order for a female to have mature oocytes available during estrus, what structures must grow and develop on the ovary?

ovarian follicles develop into graafian follicles

dogs are considered__ even though domestic dogs have evolved to cycling 3 times in 2 years on average

monoestrus

what statements are true of male intact dogs

A) they may be fertile 5-6 mos.

B) highest testosterone levels are observed between 12-115 mos

C) they are sexually active all year

D) all of the above

D) all the above

The tom has a unique penile physiology compared to other domesticated species. Name and describe the structural difference and the function?

penis keratinized spines that stimulate queen’s vaginal wall during mating, triggers neuroendocrine reflex needed to induce ovulation

the skeletal structure in a male’s dogs reproductive system is called the?

Os penis

dogs are more likely than cats to have superfecundation occur t/f (5)

true (5)

the corpus luteum is will only be produced during pregnancy t/f (11)

false(11)

cats will not come into heat while lactating t/f (12)

false (12)

most cats are induced ovulators t/f (6)

true (6)

there are no significant hormonal changes to detect pregnancy in dogs t/f (7)

true (7)

in dogs which hormone is high when a follicle is present? which hormone is high when CL is present?

follicle is present, Estrogen is high

corpus luteum is present, Progesterone is high.

separating dogs during the coital tie will prevent pregnancy t/f (13)

false (13)

what is the fate of most gametes?

they die

what is removed during a routine canine spray

ovaries and uterus

what structure sits between the uterus and the vagina

cervix

dogs have ___uterus

bicornuate

which of the following is not a reason why spraying is recommended?

helps maintain healthy weight

once fertilized the egg implants in the __

uterus

dogs inhale and exhale through the same nasal passages t/f (14)

false (14)

dogs use their left nostril for which of the following

familiar odors

which of the following describes hyposmia

decreased sensation of smell

describe flehmen response

Lip curl draws pheromones into the vomeronasal organ for reproductive signaling.

scents that enter the vomernasal organ go directly to the:

olfactory bulb

all cats are affected by cat nip t/f (15)

false(15)

dogs have ___prinna muscles compared to cats

less

cropped ears allow dogs to hear better t/f (16)

false (16)

humans have a better sense of taste than dogs and cats t/f (8)

true (8)

cats have a taste receptor for all of the following except

sweet

list and describe 1 reason cats have backwards faced filiform papillae

helps them to groom themselves and taking meat off bones

whiskers are only located on the face t/f (17)

false (17)

humans have a tapetum lucidum t/f (18)

false (18)

explain the function of the tapetum lucidum

reflective layer behind the retina bounces light to photoreceptors, helps dogs and cats enhance their vision at night

the pupils of cats will contract in bright light to protect the retina t/f (9)

true (9)

dogs and cats have ___ rods than cones

more

all cats are born with blue eyes t.f (10)

true (10)

most common eye color in dogs

brown

which of the following common eye problems is characterized by increased pressure in the eye

glaucoma