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What is a reason cosmetologists should understand hair and scalp properties?
Identifying hair growth cycles and the differences between common and uncommon hair loss will help when recommending hair loss treatments to the client.
Which of the following is NOT a living portion of hair that is below the skin surface?
The hair follicle.
What surrounds the hair root and anchors the hair in the skin?
The hair bulb.
Which part of the hair root structure supplies nutrients for hair growth?
The dermal papilla.
Which of the following is NOT a layer of the hair shaft structure?
The hair fiber.
How can the medulla of the hair be best described?
The medulla is the hair's pith or core.
Which layer of the hair shaft provides strength, elasticity, and color?
The cortex.
In what situation would a cosmetologist allow the hair to cool before styling?
When hydrogen side bonds have been broken by the heat from a curling iron.
What component of hair is being analyzed if a cosmetologist holds a strand of hair and slides fingers towards the scalp?
Porosity.
What term refers to the thickness or diameter of an individual hair strand?
Texture.
What can cause dry hair and dry scalp?
Inactive sebaceous glands.
How can a cosmetologist determine how quickly hair will process during chemical servicing?
Feel a strand of hair to determine its texture.
Why might a client's hair grow in a whorl pattern?
The strands of hair in the whorl are leaving the follicles at an angle different from the surrounding hair.
What is NOT one of the main types of body hair?
Anagen hair.
What phase of the hair growth cycle allows for shedding?
Telogen phase.
Which phase of the hair growth cycle involves the follicle canal shrinking and detaching from the dermal papilla?
Catagen phase.
What may be concluded if a client cannot grow their hair beyond shoulder length?
The anagen phase of the client's hair growth is shorter than that of others.
The hair, skin, nails, and glands are part of which system?
The integumentary system.
What is the outermost layer of hair?
The hair cuticle.
What percentage of hair is made up of protein?
Approximately 90 percent.
What is a long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds called?
A polypeptide chain.
What are the three types of side bonds linking amino acids?
Hydrogen, salt, and disulfide.
Which type of hair typically has the largest diameter?
Coarse hair.
What is hair density?
The number of individual hair strands on 1 square inch of the scalp.
What is hair porosity?
The ability of hair to absorb moisture.
What is the growth phase during which new hair is produced?
Anagen.
What is true about hair growth?
Hair growth rate is determined by genetics.
Why is it important for cosmetologists to understand hair and scalp disorders?
To better recommend client hair loss treatments.
Which type of alopecia is characterized by round patches of hair loss?
Alopecia areata.
What can cause hair loss?
Extreme stress.
What disorder results in terminal hair growing in unwanted areas for women?
Hirsutism.
How can monilethrix be described?
The hair has a beaded appearance due to narrowing of the hair shaft.
What is congenital canities?
A condition not caused by narrowing of the hair shaft.
What treatment is recommended for trichorrhexis nodosa?
Softening the hair with conditioners.
What is a consequence of treating trichoptilosis by conditioning?
The hair would be softened, but the damage would not be repaired.
Which hair disorder is associated with loss of natural pigment?
Canities.
What behavior may indicate a client is dealing with pediculosis capitis?
Not limiting contact with other people's heads.
What is the cause of pityriasis?
Fungal infection.
If there are circular lesions on the scalp with red spots, what is the likely issue?
Tinea capitis.
What can a cosmetologist provide treatment for?
Trichoptilosis.
What is an example of a parasitic infection?
Pediculosis capitis.
What are the indicators of scabies?
Itchiness and a bumpy rash with blisters on the scalp.
What is the complete loss of all body hair called?
Alopecia universalis.
What is temporary hair loss after pregnancy called?
Postpartum alopecia.
What is the technical term for beaded hair?
Monilethrix.
What does fragilitas crinium mean?
Brittleness with nodular swellings along the hair shaft.
What is the technical term for brittle hair?
Fragilitas crinium.
What refers to a bacterial infection of the hair follicle?
Tinea.
Why should cosmetologists study hair design principles?
To provide better styles to their clients.
What does the designer's mass or outline of a hairstyle relate to?
Form.
How is space in hair design defined?
The area the hairstyle occupies.
What are parallel lines in hairstyling?
Repeating lines that can be curved or straight.
What is the classic guide for proportion in hair design?
Hair should not be wider than the center of the shoulders.
What should a stylist consider for a client with a petite frame discussing a voluminous hairstyle?
Whether the hairstyle will be proportional to the client's body type.
Where is the parietal ridge located on the head?
It is the widest area.
If styling the hair below the occipital bone, which area is being styled?
The nape.
How does very curly, fine hair respond to styling tools?
It responds well to a blowdryer and thermal flat iron.
What problem arises when styling straight, fine hair?
It hugs the head shape and can separate, revealing the scalp.
How to determine hair type in the André Walker Hair Typing System?
Consider the hair's texture and density.
What indicates a client has a square facial type?
Facial contours wide at the temples and narrow in the middle.
What hairstyle complements a round face type?
Adds volume on top and is close on the sides.
What hairstyle suits a profile with a receding forehead and chin?
Style the hair softly at the nape with upward movement.
What proportions are best complemented by hair full below the jaw?
A long jaw.
Which colors help create the illusion of more hair volume?
Light, warm colors.
What design line creates length and height in a hairstyle?
Vertical lines.
What creates emphasis in hairstyle design?
An element that attracts the eye.
How to locate the parietal ridge using a comb?
Place it flat on the side of the head.
What is the bang area defined as?
Starts at the apex and ends at the front corners.
What is essential to consider when performing a permanent waving service?
The client's hair pattern and texture.
Why cut curly, coarse hair dry?
It shrinks as it dries, appearing shorter when cut wet.
What are the five basic elements of three-dimensional hair design?
Line, form, space, design texture, and color.
What regular pattern in design is described as rhythm?
The pulsation or recurrent pattern of movement.
What are the basic hair textures?
Fine, medium, and coarse.
What is the profile of the face?
The outline seen in side view.
What type of partings create an illusion of width or height in a hairstyle?
Diagonal back partings.
Why study haircutting fundamentals?
To understand foundational skills for cosmetology services.
What is overdirection in haircutting?
Combing hair away from its natural falling position to increase length.
What type of guideline should be used for layered hairstyles?
Traveling guideline.
What biomechanical aspect is essential for cutting coarse hair?
The growth pattern of the hair.
When must wave and curl patterns be considered in haircutting?
When cutting hair dry to see its true shape.
What are thinning shears used for?
Removing large sections of thick hair.
Why is proper hold of shears important?
To keep them properly tensioned and avoid injury.
What is true when holding haircutting shears?
The thumb is placed in the grip of the moving blade.
What tasks should be done with the non-dominant hand while cutting hair?
Holding the hair sections and comb.
What is the advantage of palming haircutting shears?
Saves time by allowing switching from comb to shears.
What tool would be good for fine hair needing a feathered appearance?
A haircutting razor.
Which tool is suitable for cutting clean lines around the ears?
Trimmers.
What is NOT a use for trimmers?
Tapering hairlines from extremely short to long.
How should clients be positioned during a haircut?
By changing the height of the chair.
What posture helps stylist avoid fatigue while cutting hair?
Keeping knees slightly bent.
What is a safe haircutting practice?
Do not cut past the second knuckle when cutting below fingers.
How can a stylist ensure curly hair doesn’t appear too short?
Increase tension during the cut.
What do stylists check when parting the haircut against the cut?
Line and shape precision.
What is the recommended elevation for a graduated haircut?
45-degree elevation at the back and 90 degrees for layers.
If a cosmetologist sections hair into five partings, what basic haircut is being used?
Uniform-layered haircut.
What is the haircut cut at a 90-degree elevation and over directed to maintain length?
Long-layered haircut.
What type of bangs should be created for bangs that can be pulled back?
Center swept bangs.
What is a benefit of using the shear-over-comb technique?
Creates short tapers from extremely short to longer lengths.
How does point cutting differ from effilating?
Point cutting uses the tips of the shears.
What technique produces a softer perimeter on hair using a razor?
Free-hand slicing.
