Instruments

string

violin, viola, cello, double bass

woodwind

flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon

brass

horn, trumpet, trombone, tuba

percussion

timpani (kettle drums), side drum, bass drum, cymbals

definite pitch

only timpani produce notes of definite pitch

treble clef

violin, flute, oboe, clarinet, horn (sometimes bass clef), trumpet

alto clef

viola (sometimes treble clef)

bass clef

cello(sometimes treble or tenor clef), double bass, bassoon, trombone (sometimes tenor clef), tuba, and timpani

how many notes can a string instrument play?

two together, sometimes three or four

how many notes can a woodwind instrument play?

only one at a time

Con sordini (con sord)

String and bass - with mutes

senza sordini

string and bass - without mutes

arco

string - play with the bow (a direction after pizzicato)

string - down bow

string - up bow

strings - a slur over / under notes. meant to played in one stroke

pizzicato

strings - plucked

sul G

strings - play on the G string

sul ponticello

strings - play near the bridge

una corda

piano - press the left pedal

tre corde

piano - release the left pedal

piano - press/release the right pedal

mano

piano - hand

mano sinistra, m.s.

piano - left hand

mano destra, m.d.

piano - right hand

piano - spread the notes of a chord quickly, starting from the bottom note