APUSH - Period 3

Important Terms for Period 3

French and Indian War

A conflict between Britain and France for control of North America, resulting in a British Victory but heavy debts

Mercantilism

An economic policy where colonies provide raw materials and markets to the mother country to maximize exports

Stamp Act

British law that required a tax stamp on all printed materials in the colonies

Intolerable Acts

British laws in response to the Boston Tea Party, heavily reducing autonomy

Enlightment

Movement emphasizing freedom of thought and expression, with heavy focus on individualism

Republican Motherhood

Belief that mothers were responsible for raising virtuous citizens for the new republic

Articles of Confederation

First plan of government for the U.S., which created a weak central government

Washington’s Farewell Address

George Washington's final speech as president, warning against political parties and foreign alliances

XYZ Affair

Diplomatic incident where French agents demanded bribes, leading to an undeclared naval war

Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions

Declarations that states could nullify unconstitutional federal laws like the Alien and Sedition Acts

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

1776 pamphlet that convinced many colonists to break away from Britain

Federalist Papers

Hamilton, Madison, and Jay’s argument for a stronger central government

Virtual Representation

Parliament’s idea that all tax-paying British citizens are represented regardless of voting status

Battle of Saratoga

Turning point of the American Revolution that convinced France to support the colonies

Whisky Rebellion

Protest against a federal whiskey tax that was suppressed by Washington, demonstrating a strong central government