Chapter 13- Meiosis

Trisomy

Trisomy

________ is when each cell has three copies of that chromosome.

Synapsis

________ is a tight side- by- side pairing of homologous chromosomes along their corresponding regions.

process of chromosome exchange

The ________ is called crossing over.

Nondisjunction

________ is when the homologs or sister chromatids fail to separate, or disjoin.

Monosomy

________ is when there is only one copy of one of the chromosomes.

Biologists

________ use the term allele to denote a particular version of a gene.

Polyploid

________ means that they have three or more of each type of chromosome in each cell.

Cells

________ that have too many or too few chromosomes of a particular type are said to be aneuploid.

autosomes

Any chromosomes other than sex chromosomes are called ________.

Chromatids

________ from different homologs are referred to as non- sister ________.

homologs

The ________ are held together by a network of proteins called the synaptonemal complex.

Primary oocytes

________, which are diploid precursors to eggs, enter meiosis I during embryonic development and arrest in prophase I until the female reaches sexual maturity.

X

The ________ and Y chromosomes are called sex chromosomes and are associated with an individuals sex.

harmful alleles

Offspring are not doomed to inherit ________.

gene

A(n) ________ is a segment of DNA, found at a specific place on a chromosome, that influences a trait.

Sexual reproduction

________ is the production of offspring through the generation and fusion of gametes.

haploid daughter

In animals, some or all of the ________ cells go on to form egg cells or sperm cells in the process of gametogenesis.

diploid

Insects, humans, trees, and other organisms that have two versions (homologs) of each type of chromosome are called ________ " (double- form)

Life cycle

________ is the sequence of events that occurs over the life of an individual, from fertilization to the production of offspring.

haploid number n

The ________ indicates the number of distinct types of chromosomes present.

fundamental part of meiosis

Crossing over is a(n) ________.

Asexual reproduction

________ is any mechanism of producing offspring that does not involve the production and fusion of gametes.