AP Psychology - Cognition, Learning and Intelligence: Intelligence Test

Intelligence

mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

Intelligence Test

a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitude with a numerical score

psychometrics

the science of measuring mental capacities and constructs

Spearman’s general intelligence (g)

single factor for intelligence

factor analysis

identifies different dimensions of a performance

executive functioning

necessary to plan, focus attention, remember, and juggle multiple tasks (prefrontal cortex)

gardner multiple intelligences

eight different types of intelligence (interpersonal, intrapersonal, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, musical, logical-mathematical, linguistic, naturalistic)

10 year rule

you need 10 years of practice to become an expert at something

savant syndrome

strong in one subject, deficit in other

stenberg’s triarchic theory

there are three intelligences (analytical, creative, practical)

creative intelligence

use of experience in ways that foster insight

practical intelligence

ability to read and adapt to the contexts of everyday life

emotional intelligence

daniel goleman, measured in EQ

intelligence in the brain

increased gray matter, and increased activity in frontal and parietal lobes

francis galton

began modern intelligence movement through survey and using applied statistics

alfred binet

helped developed first IQ test (finding students who needed special classes in france)

mental age

the chronological age that most typically corresponds to the given level of performance

lewis terman

edited binet’s test and created stanford-binet IQ test (mental age divided by biological age times 100)

achievement test

to determine what a person has learned (AP test)

aptitude test

designed to predict a person’s future performance or capacity to learn (college entrance exam)

power test

increasing levels of difficulty to find the maximum difficulty level one can handle (leveled video games)

group test

large number of people at once, less expensive, more objective

individual test

one on one testing, can be more subjective

weschler adult intelligence scale (WAIS)

most widely used intelligence test that contains a verbal and non verbal scale (WISC for children)

standardization

defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of pretested group

normal curve

bell curve (majority in the middle, less in the extremes

flynn effect

IQ scores have been improving since the 1920s

reliability

repeatability or consistency of a test

split-half reliability

randomly dividing a test into two sections and correlating performance on the halves

equivalent-form reliability

correlation between performance on the different forms of the test

test-retest reliability

do scores change a lot when we take the test again

inter-rater reliability

correlation of scoring between different scorers

intra-rater reliability

correlation of scoring from the same scorer