# Comprehensive Guide to Psychodynamic, Behavioral, Humanistic, Biological, and Clinical Perspectives on Psychology ## Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

Personality is explained via __, unconscious conflicts, and sexual urges.

early childhood experiences

The __ emphasizes unconscious factors on behavior.

Psychoanalytic theory

Human behavior is driven by __ and unresolved childhood conflicts.

unconscious motives

The is primitive, instinctive, and follows the pleasure principle.

id

The __ is the decision-maker that mediates between the id and superego.

ego

The __ represents internalized social standards and morals.

superego

The three levels of awareness in Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory are conscious, __, and unconscious.

preconscious

__ is one of Freud's defense mechanisms where distressing thoughts are buried.

Repression

According to Freud, the __ stage is focused on bowel movements (1-3 years).

Anal

The __ stage (6 to puberty) involves social and skill development.

Latency

Freud's __ leads to adult traits or neuroses due to fixation.

Psychosexual stages of development

__ refers to Jung's concept of shared archetypes.

Collective unconscious

Striving for __ is a key aspect of Adler’s Individual Psychology.

superiority

The __ is a criticism of psychodynamic perspectives for their poor testability.

theory

Skinner emphasized that personality is shaped by __ patterns via operant conditioning.

response

Bandura's theory includes concepts of observational learning and __.

self-efficacy

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) aims to challenge __ thoughts.

negative

The criteria of abnormal behavior includes deviance, maladaptive behavior, and __.

personal distress

__ is defined by sadness, hopelessness, and anhedonia.

Major Depressive Disorder

Anxiety disorders include GAD, phobias, panic, __, OCD, and PTSD.

agoraphobia

Eating disorders are characterized by dysfunctional attitudes toward __.

food/body

The three major approaches to psychological treatment are insight therapies, behavior therapies, and __ therapies.

biomedical