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Women's movement

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US History

36 Terms

1

Women's movement

Sought equal rights and opportunities and greater personal freedom for women; increased education and employment, the civil rights movement, and a sexual revolution contributed to renewal of this and 1960s

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2

Betty Freidan

Wrote the feminine mystique; helped found NOW in 1966

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3

The feminine mystique 1963

Encouraged middle-class women to seek fulfillment in professional careers in addition to filling the roles of wife, mother, and homemaker

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4

National organization for women (NOW)

Adopted the activist tactics of other civil rights movements to secure equal treatment for women, especially job opportunities

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5

Equal pay act of 1963

Prohibit discrimination on account of sex in the payment of wages by employers engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce

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6

Civil rights act 1964

Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, sex, or national origin

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7

Title IX

1972; statue to end sex discrimination in schools that receive federal funding; best known for its requirement that schools provide girls with equal athletic opportunities

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8

Equal rights amendment (ERA)

1972; proposed constitutional amendment that stated: equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by US or by any state an account of sex; Missed ratification by the required 38 states

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9

Cesar Chavez

led a series of boycotts for farm workers who are being exploited (mostly Mexican workers)

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10

United farmworkers association

Gained collective-bargaining rights for Mexican farmers in 1975; seek to empower migrant farm workers and improve their wages and working conditions

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11

Hispanic Americans

1980s, growing number were elected to public office (mayors of Miami, San Antonio, etc.) census said that in 2000 they were largest minority group

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12

American Indian movement (AIM)

Founded in 1968 to achieve self determination and revival of tribal traditions; members took over prison in Alcatraz Island and occupied wounded knee

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13

Indian self-determination act of 1975

Gave reservation and tribal lands greater control over internal programs education and law enforcement

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14

Asian Americans

Largest group of these were Chinese ancestry then Filipinos Japanese Indian Koreans and Vietnamese. Had a strong dedication to education and well represented in best colleges; suffered discrimination, Envy, and Japan bashing

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15

Gay rights movement

Gay activist urged homosexuals to be open about their identity and to work to end discrimination and violet abuse; By mid 1970s homosexuals no longer classified as a mental illness and Clinton set up don't ask don't tell policy but military could expel people for being gay or lesbian

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16

Warren court

1953 to 1969 under Chief Justice Earl Warren; made a series of decisions in 1960s that affected the criminal justice system, state political systems, and definition of individual rights; focused on protecting individual rights

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17

Mapp V Ohio 1961

Ruled evidence seized illegally can't be used against the accused in court

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18

Gideon V Wainwright 1963

Required that state courts provide council (attorney) for poor defendants

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19

Escobedo v Illinois 1964

Extended ruling in Gideon giving suspects right to have a lawyer present during questioning by police

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20

Miranda V Arizona 1966

Extended ruling in Escobedo to inquire police to inform an arrested person of the right to remain silent

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21

Reapportionment

The distribution of legislative representatives in districts according to population; before 1962 the senate had districts strongly favoring rural areas

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22

Baker V Carr 1962

Warren court declared reapportionment favoring rural areas unconstitutional; established one vote one man principal

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23

One man one vote

the election districts would have to be re-drawn to provide equal representation for all citizens

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24

Yates v United States 1957

The first amendment protected radical and revolutionary speech, even by communist unless it was a clear and present danger to the safety of the country

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25

Students for a democratic society (SDS)

1962; newly formed radical student organization; hold a meeting in port Huron Michigan and issued declaration of purposes (Port Huron statement); leader was Tom Hayden

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26

New left

Activists and intellectuals who supported Hayden's ideas

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27

Free speech movement

Student protest in 1964 at Berkeley campus; demanded an end to university restrictions on students political activities and demanded greater voice in government of university

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28

Democratic convention

Best known off-campus protest happened at this in Chicago in 1968; mix of peaceful and radical antiwar protesters, anarchist, and Yippies damaged property, terrorized pedestrians, and taunted police; mayor Richard daley ordered police to break up demonstrations

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29

Yippies

Members of the youth international party

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30

Weather underground

Most radical fringe of the SDS; embraced violence and vandalism in their attacks of the system

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31

Counterculture

Expressed in rebellious styles of dress, music, drug use, and communal living; Political protests of new left went hand-in-hand with this; they were the era of hippies/flower children

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32

Folk music

Rural music; John Baez and Bob Dylan gave voice to younger generation protest with this

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33

Rock music

Combines rhythm, blues, jazz, and country with electric instruments; Beatles, Rolling Stones, Jim Morrison, and Janis Joplin provided beat for counterculture

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34

Woodstock

1969 music festival in upper New York were young people reflected zenith of counterculture; lives ruined by experimenting with drugs (LSD, etc.)

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35

Alfred Kinsey

Wrote surveys of sexual practices in the 1940s to the 1950s; his research said premarital sex, marital infidelity, and homosexuality were more common than suspected; challenge traditional relics about sexual conduct

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36

Sexual revolution

Engaging in sex with number of partners/before marriage was okay; premarital sex, contraception, abortion, and homosexuality became more visible and widely excepted; blamed for increase of illegitimate birth, rape, sexual abuse, STDs, and aids

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