Dalhousie BIOL 2003 Animal Diversity Final Exam MC

Which one of the following pseudocoelomate phyla have members that are free- living as adults, and parasitic in arthropods as juveniles?

A. Nematomorpha

B. Acanthocephala

C. Rotifera

D. Nematoda

E. None of the Above

A

A molluscan shell is made of three layers arranged from the outside to the inside:

A. mantle layer, prismatic layer, periostracum.

B. prismatic layer, periostracum, nacreous layer.

C. periostracum, prismatic layer, nacreous layer.

D. nacreous layer, periostracum, mantle layer.

E. periostracum, nacreous layer, prismatic layer.

C

Which of the following is mismatched?

A) Gastropoda? snails, slugs, sea hares

B) Bivalves? clams, mussels

C) Scaphopoda? chitons

D) Cephalopoda? Squids and octopuses

E) All of the above are correct

C

Which statement is true about nematodes?

a. Examples include the roundworms, pinworms and hookworms

b. They use longitudinal and circular muscles to move

c. They use ventral cilia to help with movement in a host

d. They are exclusively parasitic

e. None of the statements are true

A

Lophotrocozoans...

a. Can have lophophore larvae

b. Include annelids, molluscs, flatworms and rotifers

c. All have lophophore structures

d. Can bear trochophores around their mouths

e. Are deuterostomes

B

Which two classes of molluscs belong to the grouping Aplacophorans?

a. Scaphopoda and Bivalvia

b. Gastropoda and Cephalopoda

c. Caudofoveata and Solenogastres

d. Caudofoveata and Monoplacophora

e. Monoplacophora and Solenogastres

C

When comparing molluscs to arthropods...

a. Molluscs have closed and Arthropods open circulatory systems

b. Both are within the Ecdysozoa group

c. Both exhibit metamerism

d. None of the above are correct statements

e. A and C are correct

D

Which group of crustaceans has examples that have successfully invaded land (terrestrial)?

a. Isopoda

b. Amphipoda

c. Cladocera

d. Ostracoda

e. Euphausiacea

A

Skates can be distinguished from rays because skates

a. are oviparous and have spines on the tail rather than fins

b. are viviparous and have spines on the tail rather than fins

c. are oviparous and have small fins on the tail

d. are viviparous and have small fins on the tail

e. skates and rays are interchangeable names for the same animals

C

Which class of tunicate retains all five chordate characteristics into its adult form?

a. Urochordata

b. Appendicularia

c. Thaliacea

d. Ascidiacea

e. Branchiostoma

B

Which is exclusively benthic?

a. Elasmobranchii

b. Brachiopods

c. Osteichthyes

d. Acanthocephala

B

Who has a thrashing motion in water?

a. Nematoda

b. Onychophora

c. Clitellata

d. Caudofoveata

A

Which of these worms have arthropod transmission?

a. Annelid worms

b. Filarial worms

c. Caudofoveata

d. Appendicularia

B

Who has free-living adults?

a. Nematomorpha

b. Acanthocephala

c. Nemertea

d. Parasites

A

Which has a carapace?

a. Spiders

b. Turtles

c. Crustacea

d. Millipedes

e. Echinoderms

C

Which insect does not have wings?

a. Spiders

b. Grasshopper

c. Ticks

d. Silverfish

e. Cicada

D

Which of the following does not have spiracles?

a. Insects

b. Lobster

c. Batoids

d. Sharks

e. Centipedes

B

Which describes holometabolous metamorphosis?

a. egg->nymph->adult

b. egg->larvae->nymph->adult

c. egg->adult

d. nymph->adult

e. egg->larvae->pupa->adult

E

Which show eusociality?

a. Isoptera

b. Tick

c. Rotifera

d. Brachiopod

A

Which of the following do not have a proboscis?

a. Rotifera

b. Enteropneuta

c. Nemertea

d. Acanthocephala

A

Which are extinct?

a. Cyclostomata

b. Chondrichthyes

c. Ostracoderms

d. Chondrostei

C

Which statement regarding "Fishes" is true:

A. They are monophyletic

B. They include jaw and jawless fishes

C. They include bony and cartilaginous fishes

D. They are paraphyletic

E. Only A, B, C are true

F. Only B, C, D are true

F

Hagfish:

A. Are part of Agnatha

B. Are part of Petromyzontida

C. Are part of Myxini

D. Are parasitic

E. only A and C

E

The first "Gnathostomes":

A. Had jaws that arose from the 3rd and 4th gill arches

B. Are now extinct

C. Were "placoderms"

D. Had paired pectoral and pelvic fins

E. All of the above

A

Which period is associated with significant diversification of "fishes"

A. Jurassic

B. Permian

C. Triassic

D. Devonian

D

What are defining features of Chondrichthyes?

A. Placoid scales, cartilaginous skeleton, claspers

B. Ganoid sales, cartilaginous skeleton, claspers

C. Placoid scales, operculum, claspers

D. Ctenoid scales, endochondral bone, claspers

A

Ratfish, rabbitfish, and chimeras:

A. Are Elasmobranchs

B. Are typically benthic, deep-water

C. Are viviparous

D. Are part of subclass Holocephali

E. B and D are true

E

Elasmobranch's

A. Have placoid scales

B. Have 5-7 gill slits

C. Include sharks only

D. Have a swim bladder

E. A and B are true

E

Unlike rays, skates

A. Lay eggs

B. Are live bearing

C. Have stingers

D. Are dorsoventrally flattened

A

Which is untrue of Elasmobranch's

A. They require external fertilization

B. They can be oviparous, viviparous, ovoviviparous

C. They include galeoids, squaliformes, batoids

D. They have scales of dermal origin

A

The spiral valve:

A. Is sensitive to vibrations

B. Is for buoyancy

C. Increases absorption and the slow passage of food

D. Is of dermal origin

C

What are the four characteristics of Osteichthyes?

A. Endochondral bone, Bony Operculum, Dermal Bony Scales, Swim Bladder

B. Endochondral bone, Spiral Valve, Placoid Scales, Bony Operculum

C. Bony Operculum, Anadromous, Placoid Scales, Large Liver

D. Dermal Bony Scales, Large Liver, Endochondral Bone, Spiral Valve

A

A Dermal Bony Operculum:

A. Streamlines the body

B. Increases passage of water

C. Allows opening/closing of gills

D. All the above

D

A marine fish:

A. Must reduce internal salt concentration

B. Must reduce internal water concentration

C. Is hypoosmotic

D. Is hyperosmotic

E. A and C are true

F. B and D are true

E

A swim bladder:

A. Compensates for heavy bone structure

B. Is a modified lung

C. Can be physoclistous or physostomous

D. All the above

D

A fish that is born in saltwater, lives in freshwater and migrates to saltwater to spawn is:

A. Anadromous

B. Marine

C. Catadromous

D. Probably a Salmon

C

Which Actinopterygii subclass is considered a sister group "to the rest"

A. Chondrostei

B. Neopterygii

C. Cladistia

D. Sacropterygii

C

In comparison to Actinopterygii, Sarcopterygii:

A. Have more species

B. Are lobe-finned

C. Have a monobasal fin

D. B and C are true

E. All are true

D

Paddlefish and sturgeons share similar characteristics with _____ but are still bony fish.

A. Elasmobranchs

B. Tunicates

C. Crustaceans

D. Arthropods

A

Subclass Neopterygii:

A. Are cartilaginous fish

B. Contains holosteans and teleosts

C. Have diphycercal tails

D. Have a retained spiracle

B

The closest living relatives to tetrapods are:

A. Coelacanths

B. Teleost

C. Lungfishes

D. Sharks

C

What is "Romer's gap"

A. a period during the Triassic

B. A gap in the tetrapod fossil record

C. When fish diversified most

D. When amphibians appeared

B

The Devonian was characterized by:

A. Warm climate and shallow seas

B. The presence of Gondwana and Euramerica

C. Polar ice caps

D. A and B are true

E. A, B, and C are true

D

Early evolutionary characteristics of terrestrial tetrapods include:

A. Internal nares

B. Double circulation

C. Vascularized lungs

D. Large limbs

E. All the above

E

Tikataalik, Icthoyostega, Acanthostega and Eusthenopteron are:

A. Only Terrestrial

B. Hexapods

C. Fishapods

D. Decapods

C

The tetrapodomorph better known as "the perfect intermediate":

A. Icthyostega

B. Coelacanth

C. Acanthostega

D. Tiktaalik

E. Boris

D

Which is incorrect regarding Phylum Mollusca?

a. It is the most diverse and disparate

b. Molluscs have a head-foot and visceral mass

c. All molluscs have a radula

d. There are 8 classes

e. Never asexual

C

The head-foot includes ____ and ______organs, while the visceral mass includes _____ organs:

a. Feeding, sense, internal

b. Internal, feeding, external

c. Feeding, external, internal

A

The most diverse class of the Phylum Mollusc is:

a. Bivalvia

b. Cephalopoda

c. Sacophopoda

d. Gastropoda

D

Torsion and coiling are two evolutionary events seen in:

a. Polyplacophora

b. Monoplachophora

c. Gastropoda

D. Cephalopoda

C

Which is incorrect regarding Cephalopods:

A. They are monoecious

B. Some species die after giving birth

C. Their shell forms vary

D. Most 1 pair of gills and a closed circulatory system

A

Which is true regarding Rotifera?

a. They are closely related to Platyhelminthes

b. They internally segmented

c. They are sister taxa to Acanthocephala

d. They include ribbon and proboscis worms

E. A and C are true

E

The" Lophophorates" include:

A. Nermetea, Acanthocephala, Rotifera

B. Ectoprocta, Nermetea, Rotifera

C. Phoronida, Brachiopoda, Ectoprocta

D. Brachipoda, Nemertea, Acanthocephala

C

Which is incorrect regarding Phylum Rotifera:

A. They have a corona

B. They have a proboscis in the rhynchocoel cavity

C. They are pseudocoelomates

D. They are parthenogenetic

B

C.elegans:

A. Is a nematode

B. Is parasitic

C. Is an important biological model

D. A and C are true

E. All are true

D

Some characteristics of the "Panarthropoda" include:

A. Small coelom, paired walking appendages, hemolymph

B. Large coelom, closed circulatory system, advanced sensory system

C. Dorsal appendages, open circulatory system, hook mouthparts

D. Parasitic, thick cuticle, hydrostatic skeleton

A

The Panarthropoda include:

A. Nemotoda, Nemertea, Nematomorpha

B. Tardigrada, Onychophora, Anthropoda

C. Nematoda, Onychophora, Anthropoda

D. Tardigrada, Anthropoda, Nemertea

B

Which is untrue of Tardigrada

A. They can enter a cryptobiotic state

B. They are parthenogenetic

C. They are extremophiles

D. They include moss piglets, water bearers

C

Nematomorpha and Nematoda:

A. Are only parasitic

B. Have a hydrostatic skeleton

C. Are pseudocoelomates

D. B and C are true

E. All are true

D

Arthropod synapomorphies include:

A. Shell, three tagmata, endoskeleton

B. 2 pairs of antennae, endoskeleton, compound eyes,

C. 1 pair of antennae, exoskeleton, compound eyes

D. Compound eyes, three tagmata, exoskeleton

C

Which is untrue of Chelicerata organisms

A. They have mandibles

B. They have two tagmata

C. They can include spiders, scorpions, ticks

D. Their appendages are uniramous

A

Crustaceans:

A. Are united by nauplius larvae

B. Are of ecological importance

C. Have mandibles

D. Are biramous

E. All are true

F. Only A and B are true

E

Hexapods possess:

A. three tagmata

B. biramous appendages

C. no tracheal system

D. wings on the abdomen

E. 8 appendages

A

Euphausiacea include _____, while decapods can include _______:

A. Isopods, fish

B. Barnacles, brine shrimp

C. Krill, lobster

D. Crabs, krill

C

Insect respiration is efficient because:

A. Hemolymph transports oxygen to cells

B. They have no tracheal system

C. Tubes bring air directly to cells

D. Cells are located far from a tracheole

C

Which can be used to classify groups of Arthropods?

a. their ability to chew

b. what their exoskeleton is made out of

c. number of tagmata and their roles

d. function of appendages

C

Which of the following is false?

a. Horseshoe crabs have open circulatory systems

b. Subphylum Hexapoda consists of biramous appendages

c. Water bears are not extremophiles

d. Most forms of Byrozoan zooids are for feeding

B

Which is a feature of ALL Panarthropods?

a. small coelom

b. walking appendages with joints

c. large coelom

d. closed circulatory system

A

Which of the following sheds their outer skeleton/cuticle?

a. Annelida

b. Echinodermata

c. Mollusca

d. Nematomorpha

D

Which option contains Phylum's that both have a proboscis?

a. Acanthocephala and Nemertea

b. Rotifera and Phoronida

c. Acanthocephala and Rotifera

d. Nemertea and Nematomorpha

A

Which of the following are examples of Tagmata/Tagma?

a. head

b. abdomen

c. throat

d. cephalothorax

e. all of the above

E

Which of the following have heteroceral tails?

a. Reedfishes and bichirs

b. sharks, skates and rays

c. Paddle fishes and sturgeons

d. b and c

e. all of the above

D

Echinoderms:

A. Are deuterostomes

B. Are radial

C. Are pseudocoelomates

D. Had gill slits at some point in their development

E. A and D are true

E

Five unique features of Echinoderms include:

A. Calcareous exoskeleton, notochord, ambulacra, pharyngeal gill slits, madreporite

B. Madreporite, water vascular system, calcareous exoskeleton, radial symmetry, gills

C. Deuterostomes, pentaradial, calcareous exoskeleton, ambulacra, papulae

D. Calcareous endoskeleton, pentaradial, water vascular system, papulae, pedicellariae

D

The water vascular system:

A. Evolved for feeding

B. Composed of a series of canals

C. Powers tube feet

D. Only A and B are correct

E. All are correct

E

Which is true of Echinoderms:

A. They have a brain

B. They are bilateral as larvae

C. They cannot regenerate limbs

D. They are only scavengers

B

Aristotle's lantern is found in:

A. Class Crinoidea

B. Class Ophiuroidea

C. Class Holothuroidea

D. Class Echinoidea

D

Which is true of Class Holothuroidea:

A. They are secondarily bilateral

B. They include sea lilies and feather stars

C. They have a cloaca

D. A and C are true

D

Class Ophiuroidea and Crinoidea have _____ pedicellariae, while some organisms of the Echinoidea class have ____, pedicellariae

A. Multiple, no

B. No, venomous

C. venomous, no

D. Multiple, three

B

8. Hemichordata;

A. Is a sister group of Echinodermata

B. Is found within Ambulacraria

C. Includes Enteropneusta and Pterobranchia

D. Have no gill slits

E. All are true

F. Only A, B and C are true

F

9. Enteropneusta include ______ organisms, while Pterobranchia include _____ organisms.

A. Large, small

B. Colonial, small

C. Solitary, Colonial

D. Colonial, Solitary

C

What are the five chordate characteristics?

A. Ambulacra, endoskeleton, endostyle, notochord, cloaca

B. Segmentation, bilateral, postanal tail, endostyle, jaws

C. Notochord, postanal tail, pseudocoelomate, endostyle, pharyngeal slits

D. Notochord, nerve chord, endostyle, postanal tail, pharyngeal slits

D

Which is found at some embryonic stage in all chordates?

A. Nerve cord

B. Notochord

C. Cranium

D. Neural crest

B

Which chordate characteristic led to the evolution of gills?

A. Endostyle

B. Semicircular canal

C. Cranium

D. Pharyngeal slits

D

The Dorsal Never Cord:

A. Is of mesodermal origin

B. Is of endodermal origin

C. Is of ectodermal origin

D. None of the above

C

Chordates evolved a ____, while vertebrates evolved a _____ and _____;

A. Notochord, vertebrae, and cranium

B. Cranium, notochord, vertebrae

C. Semicircular canal, neural crest, notochord

D. Notochord, semicircular canal, endostyle

A

Cephalochordata

A. include lancelets

B. have a distinct brain and cranium

C. are pelagic swimmers

D. Are amphioxus

E. A and D are true

E

Which tunicate class is most harmful to aquaculture:

A. Class Appendicularia

B. Class Thaliacea

C. Class Ascidiacea

D. Urochordata

C

Which chordate characteristics are maintained in most adult tunicates:

A. Postanal tail, pharyngeal pouches

B. Notochord, nerve cord

C. Pharyngeal pouches, endostyle

D. Endostyle, pharynx

D

Which earliest chordate is most like CephalochordataA. HaikouellaB. TiktaalikC. PikaieD. Walkotis

C

Thaliacea include ____, while Appendicularia includes ____:

A. Tunciates, sponges

B. Larvaceans, salps

C. Salps, larvaceans

D. Colonies, tunicates

C

The biggest mass extinction occurred during the :

A. Anthropocene

B. Permian

C. Ordovician

D. Triassic

B

The leading human-induced threat to species is :

A. Climate change

B. Pollution

C. Habitat loss

D. Invasive species

C

Which is untrue of vertebrates:

A. The neural crest is considered quadroblastic

B. There are more vertebrate species than invertebrates

C. They have a cranium

D. They have mineralized tissue

B

What are the characteristics that deifne Chondrichtyes?

a) well developed sense organs, powerful jaws for predation, good swimming musculature, endochondral bone

b) well developed sense organs, lung/swim bladder, good swimming musculature, endochondral bone

c) well developed sense organs, lung/swim bladder, good swimming musculature, cartilagenous skeleton

d) well developed sense organs, powerful jaws, good swimming musculature, cartilagenous skeleton

D

What is correct about the cartilagenous skeleton in sharks? Choose all the apply

a) considered to be heavily calcified, phosphatized mineral tissues in teeth, scales and teeth

b) you need to have been bone to have calcified cartilage as bone is considered an organ that has blood and cells

c) you don't need to have been bone to have calcified cartilage as bone is considered an organ that has blood and cells

d) you don't need to have been bone to have calcified cartilage as bone however bone is not considered an organ that has blood and cells

e) Both A and C are true

f) Both A and D are true

E

Which of the following is true about the subclass Holocephali choose all that apply

a) Known as ratfish,rabbit fish and chimaeras; live in deep benthic water, mechano and electro receptors on snout, fused crushing tooth plates

b) Have large eyes, and large spine in front of first dorsal fin and has whip like tail

c) Have large eyes, and small emerging spine near the tail and has whip like tail, barred colouration with spots all over

d) Known as ratfish,rabbit fish and chimaeras; live in deep benthic water, mechano and electro receptors on snout, dermal body operculum

e) Both A and B are true

f) Both C and D are true

E

What traits are true to Elasmobranchii (Sharks skates and rays)

a) 5-7 gill slits with spiracle behind each eye, which increases respiratory efficiency, fuisform ,heterocercal tail, paired pectoral and pelvic fin, spiral valve in SI, swim bladder

b) 5-7 gill slits with spiracle in front of each eye, which increases respiratory efficiency, streamlined build, lung bladder to help float, heterocoel tail, torpedo shaped, paired pectoral and pelvic fins

c) 5-7 gill slits with spiracle behind each eye, which increases respiratory efficiency, fuisform ,heterocercal tail, paired pectoral and pelvic fin, spiral valve in SI, no swim bladder

d) 5-7 gill slits with spiracle behind each eye, which increases respiratory efficiency, fuisform ,heterocercal tail, paired pectoral and pelvic fin, spiral valve in SI, fatty liver

D

Having a spiracle allows cartilagenous fish to...

a) increase respiratory efficiency

b) effective delivery of respiratory gases

c) ventilate gills

d) take in water

f) All of them

F

What adaptations make Elasmobranchii differnt from Holocephalii and other subclasses ?

a) have 5-7 gill slits with no operculum

b) torped shaped fusiform body

c) they have a fatty liver

d) spiral valve

A