4.4 Climate Change

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Biology

Last updated 2:38 AM on 2/13/24
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8 Terms

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energy absorbed by Earth and atmosphere = ?

energy radiated back again by Earth and atmosphere

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How Does a Greenhouse Work?

  • A greenhouse can be used to grow plants in the winter. The walls are made of glass or plastic. Visible light can pass through the walls.

  • When the light hits an object some of it is turned into heat.

  • As a result, the greenhouse becomes warmer.

  • Certain gases in the Earth’s atmosphere can act like the glass of a greenhouse, to trap heat in the atmosphere.

  • These are called greenhouse gases.

<ul><li><p>A greenhouse can be used to grow plants in the winter. The walls are made of glass or plastic. Visible light can pass through the walls.</p></li><li><p>When the light hits an object some of it is turned into heat.</p></li><li><p>As a result, the greenhouse becomes warmer.</p></li><li><p>Certain gases in the Earth’s atmosphere can act like the glass of a greenhouse, to <mark data-color="green">trap heat in the atmosphere.</mark></p></li><li><p>These are called <strong><span>greenhouse gases.</span></strong></p></li></ul>
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What are Greenhouse Gases?

atmospheric gases that trap heat energy from the Sun

  • Contribute to greenhouse effect

  • More of these gases we put into atmosphere, more the planet will heat up - leads to global warming (global temp rise)

<h2 collapsed="false"><span style="color: yellow">atmospheric gases that trap heat energy from the Sun</span></h2><ul><li><p>Contribute to greenhouse effect</p></li><li><p>More of these gases we put into atmosphere, more the planet will heat up - leads to global warming (global temp rise)</p></li></ul>
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Tell me about the Natural Greenhouse Effect

Without the natural greenhouse effect the average temperature on Earth would be 33°C colder

<p>Without the natural greenhouse effect the average temperature on Earth would be 33°C colder</p>
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Tell me about the specifics of Greenhouse Gases

  • Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxides (N2O), and ozone (O3) are naturally occurring green house gases

  • For 650,000 years, levels of these gases remained fairly steady

  • Human activity in last 250 yrs caused large increase in GHG’s

    • Water vapour (H2O) is a GHG, but human activity doesn’t have much influence on this gas

<ul><li><p>Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), nitrous oxides (N<sub>2</sub>O), and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) are <strong><span style="color: blue">naturally occurring</span></strong> green house gases</p></li><li><p>For 650,000 years, levels of these gases remained fairly steady</p></li><li><p>Human activity in last 250 yrs caused large increase in GHG’s</p><ul><li><p>Water vapour (H<sub>2</sub>O) is a GHG, but human activity doesn’t have much influence on this gas</p></li></ul></li></ul>
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Tell me about different GHG’s produced in Canada


Greenhouse Gas

Human Sources

Carbon dioxide

CO2

  • burning fossil fuels (transport, heating, electricity)

  • deforestation

Methane

CH4

  • agriculture, waste management (livestock, landfills)

  • deforestation and mining (oil sands)

Nitrous oxide

N2O

  • agriculture (fertilizers, livestock waste)

  • industry (air pollution)

Hydrochlorofluorocarbons

HFC’s

  • industrial processes (refrigeration)

  • home cooling (air conditioners)

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What is a Carbon Sink? What is it useful for?

anything that absorbs CO2 from atmosphere

  • One way to decrease CO2 levels is to stop burning fossil fuels

  • Another way would be to remove CO2 from atmosphere using carbon sinks

  • Examples: trees, plants, microorganisms in oceans

<h2 collapsed="false"><span style="color: purple">anything that absorbs CO<sub>2</sub> from atmosphere</span></h2><ul><li><p>One way to decrease CO<sub>2</sub> levels is to stop burning fossil fuels</p></li><li><p>Another way would be to remove CO<sub>2</sub> from atmosphere using carbon sinks</p></li><li><p>Examples: trees, plants, microorganisms in oceans</p></li></ul>
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In what ways do Canadians contribute to Climate Change?

  • transportation is the source of most of our GHG emissions

  • Extraction of oil, mostly from the tar sands, is also a major source

  • mining and manufacturing, generating electricity, buildings, agriculture and landfills.

<ul><li><p><strong><span style="color: yellow">transportation</span></strong> is the source of <strong><span style="color: red">most</span></strong> of our GHG emissions</p></li><li><p>Extraction of <strong><span style="color: purple">oil</span></strong>, mostly from the tar sands, is also a major source</p></li><li><p>mining and manufacturing, generating electricity, buildings, agriculture and landfills.</p></li></ul>