Med Term CH 4

Integumentary System

function of the integumentary system

function of the integumentary system

-forms a protective covering around the body that prevents bacteria from getting in

-protects the body from water loss and UV damage

-regulation of body temperature and synthesis of vitamin D

skin

organ covering up the body, made up of layers

epidermis

outer layer of skin, protects body from external environment

keratin

scleroprotein of the horny, or cornified, layer of the epidermis. primary component of the hair and nails

melanin

dark pigment produced by melanocytes, amount of it determines skin color

sebaceous glands

secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis

sudoriferous (sweat) glands

tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skin’s surface and secrete sweat

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

skin

hidr/o

sweat

kerat/o

horny tissue (keratin), hard

onych/o, ungu/o

nail

seb/o

sebum (oil)

aut/o

self

bi/o

life

coni/o

dust

crypt/o

hidden

heter/o

other

myc/o

fungus

necr/o

death (cells and body)

pachy/o

thick

rhytid/o

wrinkles

staphyl/o

grapelike clusters

strept/o

twisted chains

xer/o

dry, dryness

epi-

on, upon, over

intra-

within

para-

beside, beyond, around, abnormal

per-

through

sub-

under, below

trans-

through, across, beyond

-a

noun suffix, no meaning

-coccus (pl. -cocci)

berry shaped (form of bacterium)

-ectomy

excision, surgical removal

-ia

diseased or abnormal state, condition of

-itis

inflammation

-malacia

softening

-opsy

view of, viewing

-phagia

eating or swallowing

-plasty

surgical repair

-rrhea

flow, discharge

-tome

instrument used to cut

dermatitis

inflammation of the skin

dermatoconiosis

abnormal condition of the skin caused by dust

dermatofibroma

fibrous tumor of the skin

hidradenitis

inflammation of a sweat gland

leiodermia

condition of smooth skin

onychocryptosis

abnormal condition of a hidden nail (ingrown nail)

onychomalacia

softening of the nails

onychomycosis

abnormal condition of a fungus in the nails

pachyderma

thickening of the skin

paronychia

diseased state around the nail

xeroderma

dry skin

abrasion

scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury

abscess

localized collection of pus

actinic keratosis

precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that comes from excessive sunlight, may become cancerous

basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

malignant epithelial tumor arising from the bottom layer of epidermis called the basal layer, can invade local tissue and recur in same location, common in those with excessive sun exposure

candidiasis

infection of the skin, mouth or vag (aka thrush) caused by a yeast type fungus overgrowth causes infection and is common in those with AIDS

carbuncle

infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue composed of a cluster of boils caused by staphylococcal bacteria

cellulitis

inflammation of skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection; redness, heat, swelling

contusion

injury with no break in the skin (bruise); pain, swelling, discoloration

eczema

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease; redness, blisters, scabs, itching.

fissure

slit or cracklike sore in the skin

furuncle

painful skin nodule caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (boil)

gangrene

death of tissue caused by a loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (a form of necrosis)

herpes

inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus that is characterized by small blisters in clusters.

-herpes simplex virus type 1: fever blisters

-herpes zoster/shingles: painful skin eruptions from nerves affected

infection

invasion of pathogens in body tissue. acute may remain localized but can become chronic. systematic occurs when it gains access to the vascular system and goes into bloodstream

kaposi sarcoma

cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules on the lower extremities that spread through skin and lymph nodes and organs, seen in AIDS

MRSA Infection

invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. a strain of common bacteria that has developed a resistance to antibiotics. can produce infections in skin, soft tissue, bloodstream and pneumonia. can be fatal without treatment

pediculosis

invasion into the skin and hair by lice

psoriasis

chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales

scabies

skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions after the woman has layed eggs in the skin and causes immense itching

squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

malignant growth developing from scale like epithelial tissue of the surface layer of the epidermis that invades local tissue and can metastasize

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving the skin, joints, kidney and nerves. this is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations

tinea

fungal infection of the skin. fungi may affect keratin of the skin, hair, nails. classifications include: tinea capitis (scalp), corporis (body), pedis (foot). ringworm or athletes foot

urticaria

itchy skin eruption composed of wheals of varying shapes and sizes. hives

vitiligo

white patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes

biopsy (bx)

view of life (the removal of living tissue from the body to be viewed under a microscope)

dermatoheteroplasty

surgical repair using skin from others (skin graft, allograft)

dermatoplasty

surgical repair of the skin

rhytidectomy

excision of wrinkles (facelift)

cauterization

destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current, or caustic substance (cautery)

cryosurgery

destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often using liquid nitrogen

dermabrasion

procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material like sandpaper

incision

surgical cut or wound produced by a sharp instrument

incision and drainage (I&D)

surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound or cavity

suturing

to stitch edges of a wound surgically

dermatologist

physician who studies and treats the skin

dermatology (derm)

study of the skin

erythroderma

red skin

hypodermic

pertaining to under the skin

intradermal (ID)

pertaining to within the skin

leukoderma

white skin

necrosis

abnormal condition of death of cells and tissue

percutaneous

pertaining to through the skin

staphylococcus (staph)

berry shaped bacterium in grapelike clusters

streptococcus (strep)

berry shaped bacterium in twisted chains

subcutaneous (subcut)

pertaining to under the skin

transdermal (TD)

pertaining to through the skin

ungual

pertaining to the nail

xanthoderma

yellow skin