✭ FAMILIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Alkanes

Hydrocarbons with only single carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds, saturated with the maximum number of hydrogen atoms.

Saturated

When a molecule has the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms without double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.

Homologous Series

Group of organic compounds with similar general formulas and chemical properties (ex: alkanes, differing by a CH2 unit.)

Structural Isomers

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different atom arrangements, leading to varied physical properties.

Functional Groups

Atoms or groups of atoms with similar chemical properties in different compounds, defining the characteristics of organic compound families.

Intermolecular Forces

Forces between molecules affecting physical properties like melting and boiling points, influenced by factors such as branching and molecular size.