World History: 1450-1900

Potosi (Who)

Charles V

Prince Henry the Navigator (Who)

Portguese Prince

The Fall of Constantinople (Who)

Mehmet II and Byzantines

The Voyages of Columbus (When)

August 1492-1504

Columbian Exchange (When)

1492-1500s

Fall of Constantinople (When)

1453

Kangxi (Who)

Manchu Emperor

Sugar Cane

a plant from which sugar is made farmed in American colonies

Middle Passage (Who)

Enslaved Africans

Babur (who)

Founder of Mughal Dynasty

The Three Great Unifiers (Who)

Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Tokugawa I'eyasu

British East India Company (When)

1757-1858

Encomienda System (Who)

European settlers and indigenous people

Sun Yat-sen (Who)

Revolutionary first President of China

Russian Revolution of 1905 (Who)

Nicholas II and Peter Stolypin

Toussaint L'Ouverture (Who)

Haitian military leader

Raj (When)

1805-1947

Steam Engine (Who)

James Watt

Otto von Bismarck (When)

1815-1898

Russian Revolution of 1905

Spontaneous rebellion that erupted in Russia after the country's defeat at the hands of Japan in 1905; the revolution was suppressed, but it forced the government to make substantial reforms.

Civil Code (Napoleonic Code)

Napoleon's domestic code of laws that replaced France's former 300 legal systems, reversing gains of the Reovlution including women's rights, freedom of speech, separation of church and state, and freedom of the press.

Committee of Public Safety (Who)

Maximilien Robespierre and 11 other executive leaders of France

National Assembly (Who)

Third Estates people

Toussaint L'Ouverture (When)

1743-1803

Raj (Who)

British Government/EIC/Indian people

Communist Manifesto (When)

1848

Philosophes

A group of French "radical" intellectuals who focused on human reason and making critical changes in society

Sun Yat-sen (When)

1866-1925

The Scramble for Africa (Who)

European powers

The Industrial Working Class (Who)

factory workers, miners, and other industrial laborers

Sun Yat-sen (Where)

Tokyo, Japan and Wuhan, China

The Meiji Restoration (who)

Emperor Meiji

The Grand Empire of Napoleon

The empire over which Napoleon and his allies ruled, encompassing virtually all of Europe except Great Britain and Russia with France at its core.

The three estates (When)

Middle Ages-1789

Nationalism (Who)

Napoleon Bonaparte and people throughout Europe

The New Imperialism

The late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century wave of conquests by European powers, the United States, and Japan, which were followed by the development and exploitation of the newly conquered territories.

Opium War

1839-1842. Chinese attempted to prohibit the opium trade, British declared war and won against Chinese. Treaty of Nanjing, agreed to open 5 ports to British trade and limit tariffs on British goods and gave Hong Kong.

The Meiji Restoration (When)

1868-1889

Potosi

City that developed high in the Andes (in present-day Bolivia) at the site of the world's largest silver mine and that became the largest city in the Americas, with a population of some 160,000 in the 1570s.

Prince Henry the Navigator

(1394-1460) Prince of Portugal who established an observatory and school of navigation at Sagres and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire.

The fall of Constantinople

Mehmet II and army of Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople after Byzantines call for support but receive none and are outnumbered 80k to 8k. Ottomans had gunpowder cannon, large army, and tactical offensive.

The Voyages of Columbus

Christopher Columbus, an Italian, got financial support from King and Queen of Spain to sail from Spain to New World, encountering Carribean and Central America.

Columbian Exchange

An exchange of goods, ideas, diseases, and crops from the Old World to the New World following Columbus's voyages.

Fall of Constantinople (Significance)

The Fall of Constantinople in 1453 marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of the Ottoman Empire, significantly altering the power dynamics of the region. It prompted European nations to seek new trade routes, leading to the Age of Exploration and the eventual discovery of the Americas. Culturally, it spread Islam into Southeastern Europe and influenced the region's religious landscape. The event also showcased advanced military technology, highlighting the importance of innovation in warfare.

Kangxi

(1662-1722). He oversaw the greatest expansion of the Qing Empire.