MFT + Virtue Ethics Exam

Descriptive Ethics

Examines how people usually behave and their held moral beliefs (e.g. studies)

Applied Ethics

Ethics applied to different domains (e.g. medicine, business, law)

Meta-Ethics

Examines the meaning, origin, and nature of morality itself

Normative Ethics

Develops theories about how people should act

Moral Foundations Theory (MFT)

Suggests that we have “intuitive ethics” with innate psychological systems at our core. Our cultures then build virtues and narratives upon these systems.

C vs H

care vs harm

F vs C

fairness vs. cheating

L vs B

loyalty vs betrayal

A vs S

authority vs subversion

L vs O

liberty vs oppression

P vs D

purity vs degradation

WEIRD

Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic

Moral Relativism

The idea that morality depends in cultural and individual beliefs

Eudaimonia

the ultimate goal of life: becoming your best possible self

Golden Mean

balance between extremes of excess and deficiency

Habits

repeated actions that shape behaivour and develop virtue

Virtue

moral achievement achieved through good actios

Theological Virtues (Aquinas)

faith, hope, charity

Cardinal Virtues (Aquinas)

prudence, temperance, fortitude, justice

Four Fundamentals (Aquinas)

life, knowledge, procreation, sociability

Four Basic Goods (Aquinas)

shun ignorance, educate offspring, seek,= god, avoid offense

Natural Law Theory

moral principles are built into human nature and can be fully explained by reason