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Apostle
One of the early followers of Jesus who were sent to preach his teachings.
Apostolic succession
Belief that church authority is passed down in an unbroken line from the apostles to current bishops.
Baptism
Christian sacrament of initiation symbolizing cleansing from original sin and entry into the church.
Bishop
High ranking church leader who oversees multiple congregations in a region.
Christmas
Birth of Jesus.
Church
Community of christians or building for worship.
Easter
Resurrection from the dead.
Epiphany
Revelation of Jesus as the messiah.
Eucharist
Holy communion - sacrament commemorating the blood and body of Jesus.
Evangelism
A movement within protestantism emphasizing personal conversion, biblical authority, and spreading the gospel
Fundamentalism
Strict adherence to specific religious doctrine, emphasizing literal interpretation of the bible.
Gospel
‘Good news’ - teachings of Jesus and first 4 new testament books.
Grace
Gods unearned love and favor towards humans.
Icons
Religious images used for veneration and devotion.
Inquisition
Series of Catholic Church tribunals historically aimed at suppressing heresy.
John Calvin
Calvinism - emphasized predestination and sovereignty of God.
Kingdom of God
Reign or rule of God over the world or believers, often associated with Jesus’ teachings.
Liturgy
Formal order or public worship, including prayers, readings, and rituals.
Logos
Greek word for ‘word’, refers to Jesus as the divine word of God in christianity theology.
Lord’s prayer
Central christian prayer taught by Jesus to his disciples.
Martin Luther
Leader of protestant reformation.
Messiah
‘Anointed One’, Jesus is the savior promised in Hebrew Scriptures.
Nicene creed
Statement of christian faith developed at the council of Nicea affirming the holy trinity and divinity of Jesus.
Original sin
Doctrine that humans inherit sin from Adam and Eve.
Parable
Simply Story told ny Jesus to teach a moral or spiritual lesson.
Paul or Taurus
Early christianity missionary and writer of many new testament letters, spreading christianity beyond judaism.
Pentecost
Event when the holy spirit descended on the apostles, often considered the ‘birth’ of the church.
Pentecostalism
Christian movement emphasizing the gifts of the Holy Spirit such as speaking tongues and healing.
Purgatory
Temporary state of purification before entering heaven.
Roman Catholicism
Led by the pope emphasizing sacraments and traditions.
Rosary
Catholic prayer devotion using beads to meditate on the life of Jesus and Mary.
Sacraments
Sacred rites believed to convey Gods grace.
Saint
person recognized for holiness and exemplary christian life.
Scholasticism
Medieval method of learning christian theology emphasizing reason and logic.
Sin
An act or state that separates humans from God.
Transubstantiation
Catholic doctrine that the bread and wine in the eucharist becomes the blood and body of Christ.
Trinity
One God; father, son, and Holy Spirit.