Chapter 8 “Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricatures of the American Era, 1900–41” by Alfred McCoy

Alfred W. McCoy

• An American historian, born in 1945.

• Known for his works on Southeast Asian history and Philippine political history.

• Author of “Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era, 1900–1941”.

• Professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

• His work explores the intersections of politics, culture, and visual expression.

Political cartoons

• became a medium of critique against both American colonial rule and Filipino politicians.

• They reflected public opinion, social issues, and political struggles of the time.

Cartoons tackled themes

1. The relationship between Americans and Filipinos.

2. Corruption and abuses of local politicians.

3. Issues of nationalism and independence.

4. The clash of Filipino traditions with American influences.

Context

• Produced during the American colonial period, when freedom of the press was relatively open compared to Spanish censorship.

Content

• Satirical images that conveyed messages on governance, colonialism, and Filipino society.

Perspective

• Varied; some cartoons supported American rule, others criticized it, and many satirized Filipino leaders.

Contribution

Provides historians with insights into popular sentiment and the political climate of the early 20th century Philippines.

Significance of Political Cartoons

1. Served as a mirror of society and politics.

2. Gave voice to criticism and dissent.

3. Highlighted the contradictions of American colonial promises of “tutelage in democracy” versus actual practices.

4. Illustrated the dynamics of Filipino nationalism and the struggle for independence.