Chapter 2-Test One Study Guide

What is the metaphor used to describe the significance of understanding the history of the mental health professions?

The Journey Metaphor, emphasizing that understanding past experiences aids in self-understanding.

Who stated, 'To ignore the past is to cut off a source of self-understanding'?

Leahey, 1980.

What archaeological finding is associated with early views of mental health treatment?

Trephines.

What did Hippocrates believe caused behavioral aberrations?

Imbalances in four bodily fluids: blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm.

In the Middle Ages, what were individuals considered to be?

The battleground between forces of good and evil.

What humane treatment innovation for the mentally ill originated in the 1300s?

The Colony of Gheel in Belgium.

Who were some key figures advocating for moral treatment in the 1700s?

Benjamin Rush, Philippe Pinél, William Tuke.

What organization was founded in 1844 by asylum supervisors?

Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane (AMSAII).

What significant development occurred in psychiatry in the early 20th century?

Established American Psychiatric Association in 1927.

Who created the first psychological laboratory in 1879?

Wilhelm Wundt.

What term did Leightner Witmer coin in 1896?

Clinical psychology.

What movement sought to help others through 'friendly visiting' in the late 1880s?

Charity Organization Society.

Who is credited with founding vocational counseling in 1908?

Frank Parsons.

What was the primary focus of Carl Rogers' book 'Counseling and Psychotherapy'?

The importance of the therapeutic relationship.

What act established a nationwide network of mental health centers in 1963?

The Community Mental Health Centers Act.

What professional organization formed in 1952 as a merger of four groups?

The American Personnel and Guidance Association.

In what year did Virginia become the first state to license professional counselors?

What is an emerging trend in counseling that emphasizes cost-effectiveness?

Managed care.

What year was CACREP established to accredit master’s programs in community settings?