Textbook Chapter 2 (65-84)

Experimental research

________: allows for cause and effect relationships.

independent variables

1+ ________ are varied to determine their effect on a dependent variable.

Self punishment procedure

________: people apply an aversive consequence to themselves each time they engage in an unwanted target behavior (b phase)

Simple comparison design

________: behavior in a baseline condition that is compared to behavior in a treatment condition.

Case studies

________: intense examination of 1 or a few individuals.

Descriptive research

________: describing the behavior and the situation where it occurs.

Reversal design

________: involves repeated alternations between a baseline period and a treatment period.

Baseline

________: normal frequency of the behavior that occurs before some intervention (a phase)

Naturalistic observation

________: systematic observation and recording of behavior in its natural environment.

Comparative design

________: different species constitute one of the independent variables.

descriptive research

describing the behavior and the situation where it occurs

naturalistic observation

systematic observation and recording of behavior in its natural environment

case studies

intense examination of 1 or a few individuals

experimental research

allows for cause and effect relationships

control group designs

individuals are randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group

comparative design

different species constitute one of the independent variables

single-subject designs

require 1 or a few subjects

simple comparison design

behavior in a baseline condition that is compared to behavior in a treatment condition

self-punishment procedure

people apply an aversive consequence to themselves each time they engage in an unwanted target behavior (b phase)

baseline

normal frequency of the behavior that occurs before some intervention (a phase)

reversal design

involves repeated alternations between a baseline period and a treatment period

multiple-baseline design

treatment is instituted at successive points in time for 2+ persons, settings, or behaviors

changing criterion design

effect of the treatment is demonstrated by how closely the behavior matches a criterion that is being systematically altered