Studied by 2 people
Clinical Assessment
how and why does the client behave abnormally
assessment
the process of collecting and interpreting relevant information about a client or research participant
standardization
the process in which common steps are set up to be followed whenever a tool is administered
reliability
consistency of assessment measures
test-retest reliability
participants are tested on two occasions and the two scores are correlated
interrater reliability
different judges independently agree on how to score and interpret an assessment tool
validity
the tool accurately measures what its supposed to measure
face validity
a tool appears valid because it makes sense and seems reasonable
predictive validity
tools ability to predict future characteristics / behavior
concurrent validity
degree to which the measures gathered from one tool agree with the measures gathered from other assessment techniques
clinical interviews
face-to-face encounter
unstructured interview
clinician asks mostly open-ended questions
structured interview
clinicians ask prepared, specific questions
interview schedule
standard set of questions designed for all interviews
mental status exam
set of questions and observations that systematically evaluate the clients awareness, attention span, memory, etc
clinical tests
devices for gathering info about a few aspects of a persons psychological functioning
projective tests
clients interpret vague stimuli and project aspects of their personality into the task
Rorschach test
inkblots
Thematic Apperception test
people are shown black and white pictures and asked to make up a dramatic story about each card
sentence-completion tests
test-taker completes a series of unfinished sentences
personality inventories
individuals are asked to assess themselves
response inventories
tests designed to measure a persons responses in one specific area of functioning, such as affect, social skills, or cognitive processes
affective inventories
measures the severity of emotions like anxiety, depression, and anger
social skills inventories
respondents indicate how theyd react in a variety of social situations
cognitive inventories
reveal a persons typical thoughts and assumptions
polygraph / lie detector test
measures breathing, perspiration, and heart rate
neuroimaging techniques / brain scanning
neurological tests that provide images of brain structure or activity, such as CT scans, PET scans, and MRIs
neuropsychological test
detects brain impairment by measuring a persons cognitive, perceptual, and motor performances
intelligence tests
tests designed to measure a persons intellectual ability
naturalistic observation
clinicians observe clients in their everyday environments
analog observation
clinicians observe clients in an artificial setting
self-monitoring
clients are instructed to observe themselves
Diagnosis
a determination that a persons problems reflect a particular disorder
classification system
a list of disorders, along with descriptions of symptoms and guidelines for making appropriate diagnoses
categorical info
name of the distinct category indicated by the clients symptoms
dimensional info
rating of how severe a clients symptoms are and how dysfunctional the client is across various dimensions of personality and behavior
empirically supported treatment
therapy that has received clear research support for a particular disorder and has corresponding treatment guidelines
rapprochement movement
a movement to identify a set of common factors, or common strategies, that run through all successful therapies
psychopharmacologist
a psychiatrist who primarily prescribes medications
clinical assessment
used to determine whether, how, and why a person is behaving abnormally and how that person may be helped
psychophysiological test
measures physiological responses as possible indicators of psychological problems
Note 
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