1.3 Energy and Equilibria

The 1st Law of Thermodynamics is also known as __.

The Principle of Conservation of Energy.

According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, the entropy of an isolated system will tend to __ over time.

increase.

An implication of the 2nd law of thermodynamics is that no ecosystemic process can be __ efficient.

100%.

Energy Loss (percentage) can be calculated using the formula __.

(Initial input - energy taken in)/initial input * 100.

__ is defined as the tendency of the system to return to an original state following disturbance.

Equilibrium.

In an open system, __ Equilibrium means that despite continuous inputs and outputs of energy and matter, the system remains constant.

Steady State.

Negative Feedback Loops help organisms and systems __ change within the system.

reduce.

Positive Feedback Loops tend to __ change in the system, leading to destabilization.

increase.

A __ is a critical threshold where a small change can cause a disproportionate response in the system.

Tipping Point.

The tendency of a system to maintain stability through steady-state equilibrium is known as __.

Resilience.

Eucalyptus trees in Australia are an example of a resilient system because they can recover from __.

wildfires.