A&P 1 (chapter 3 nervous system)

Name the major organs of the CNS:

Brain, Spinal cord

Name the two major organs of the PNS:

Cranial nerves, spinal nerves

What can a receptor do?

  Senses a change in the environment and initiates a nerve impulse.

What are two types of efferent (motor) neurons?

Somatic motor neurons, Autonomic motor neurons.

Afferent neurons will always carry ___ information

Sensory

How are neurons classified based on function?

Sensory (afferent) neurons, Motor (efferent) neurons.

How are neurons classified based on structure?

Unipolar (or pseudo-unipolar), bipolar, Multipolar

Name the four types of neuroglial cells in the CNS and the function(s) of each: Astrocytes

from the blood-brain barrier, regulate ions, nutrients, and gas concentration, and provide structural support

Name the four types of neuroglial cells in the CNS and the function(s) of each: Oligodendrocytes

Produce myelin in the CNS, myelinate multiple axons at once, and increase the speed of nerve impulse conduction.

Name the four types of neuroglial cells in the CNS and the function(s) of each: Microglia

Acts as phagocytes (immune defense of the CNS), remove cellular debris, pathogens, and waste, and become active during injury or infection.

Name the four types of neuroglial cells in the CNS and the function(s) of each: Ependymal cells

Line the ventricles of the brain and central canal of the spinal cord, produce, circulate, and help regulate CSF

Explain how the oligodendrocyte and the neurolemmocyte (Schwann cell) myelinate an axon: Oligodendrocyte

myelinates many axons

Explain how the oligodendrocyte and the neurolemmocyte (Schwann cell) myelinate an axon: Schwann cell

One axon segment