Inorganic Qualitative Analysis (Y12)

Used to test for carbonate ions

Dilute acid e.g. HNO₃(aq)

Observation in the carbonate ion test

Bubbles/Effervescence (of CO₂)

Used to test for sulphate ions

Aqueous barium ions e.g. Ba(NO₃)₂(aq)

Observation in the sulphate ion test

White precipitate

Reaction type for sulfate and halide ion tests

Precipitation

Used to test for halide ions

Silver nitrate solution/AgNO₃(aq)

Reason why nitric acid is added to halide ions at the start of the test

To remove carbonate ions

Initial observation in the bromide ion test

Cream precipitate

Initial observation in the iodide ion test

Yellow precipitate

Solubility of AgCl(s) in NH₃(aq)

Soluble in dilute

Solubility of AgBr(s) in NH₃(aq)

Partially soluble in dilute, soluble in concentrated

Solubility of AgI(s) in NH₃(aq)

Insoluble in both dilute and concentrated

The test for ammonium ions involves warming with .......

Aqueous hydroxide ions e.g. NaOH(aq)

Gas produced in the ammonium ion test

Ammonia/NH₃(g)

Observation when the gas produced in the ammonium ion test is tested

Damp red litmus paper turns blue

Correct order for the anion tests on unknown substances

Carbonate - Sulfate - Halide

An incorrect order for the anion tests on unknown substances

Halide - Carbonate - Sulfate

Anions are......

Negatively charged ions

Cations are......

Positively charged ions