General Dental Terminology

Dental Terminology

Specific vocabulary used to describe teeth, dental procedures, and treatments.

Dentist

A licensed professional who practices dentistry, diagnosing and treating oral diseases.

Dental Hygienist

A licensed professional focusing on preventive dental care, such as cleaning teeth and educating patients.

Orthodontist

A specialist in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of dental and facial irregularities.

Periodontist

A specialist in the treatment of the supporting structures of the teeth, including gums and bone.

Prosthodontist

A dentist focused on restoring missing or damaged teeth with crowns, bridges, and dentures.

Endodontist

A specialist in treating diseases of the tooth pulp, including root canal therapy.

Oral Surgeon

A professional who performs surgeries on the mouth, teeth, and jaw.

Incisors

Front teeth used for cutting food.

Canines (Cuspids)

Pointed teeth used for tearing food.

Premolars

Flat-topped teeth used for grinding food.

Molars

Large teeth located at the back of the mouth used for grinding food.

Crown

The visible part of the tooth covered by enamel.

Root

The part of the tooth that anchors it to the jawbone.

Enamel

The hard, outer surface layer of the tooth.

Dentin

The tissue beneath the enamel, providing strength to the tooth.

Pulp

The soft tissue inside the tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels.

Cementum

Covers the tooth root and helps anchor the tooth in place.

Occlusal Surface

The top surface of the tooth used for chewing.

Plaque

A sticky, colorless film of bacteria that forms on teeth.

Tartar (Calculus)

Hardened plaque that can only be removed by a dental professional.

Cavity

A decayed area of the tooth caused by bacteria.

Gingivitis

The early, milder stage of gum disease, characterized by inflammation and bleeding gums.

Sensitivity

Discomfort or pain when teeth are exposed to certain stimuli (cold, hot, sweet).

Bruxism

The grinding or clenching of teeth, often during sleep.

Exudate

Fluid that may be produced by an infection, often found in periodontal pockets.

Canker Sores

Painful, non-contagious sores that appear inside the mouth.

Oral Hygiene

The practice of maintaining clean teeth and gums to prevent dental problems.

Flossing

The use of a thin string to remove plaque and food particles from between teeth.

Mouthwash

A liquid used to rinse the mouth, often to reduce bacteria and freshen breath.