AP Psychology | Individuals Needed to Know

Freud

psychodynamic/psychoanalytical perspective, psychosexual stages of development

Bandura

behaviorist perspective, modeling (observational learning), reciprocal determinism, social-learning (social-cognitive) theory

Watson and Pavlov

classical conditioning

Gestalt

principals to see the bigger picture

Gage

frontal lobe holds personality and decision-making

Wernicke

area of the brain associated with speech comprehension

Broca

area of the brain associated with speech

Skinner and Seligman

‘Skinner’s Box’ (operant conditioning), learned helplessness

Garcia

biological preparedness and taste aversion

Mary Cover Jones

counterconditioning

Tolman

latent learning and cognitive maps

Kohle

insight

Maslow

Hierarchy of Needs + humanistic perspective

Erikson

8 stages of psychosocial development

Piaget

discontinuous developmental theory (4 stages)

Vygotsky

proximal zones of development, scaffolding

Ainsworth

strange situation experiments, insecure/secure attachment

James Marcia

Identity and Personality Formation [achievement, foreclosure, moratorium, diffusion]

Kohlberg

5 stages, 3 categories of moral development

Gilligan

care and justice moral development

Kubler

5 stages of grief

Sternberg

triangular theory of love, multiple intelligences (3 types), 5 components to creativity

Rogers and Maslow

humanistic perspective [self-actualization]

Jung

collective unconscious

Cosia and McCrae

Big 5 Theory of Personality (OCEAN)

Spearman

general intelligence

Gardener

multiple intelligences (8 types)

Cattel

crystalized intelligence, fluid intelligence