Chapter 35: Rest and Sleep

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15 Terms

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NREM Sleep

Non-rapid eye movement sleep, comprising 75-80% of total sleep with distinct stages.

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Stage I of NREM Sleep

Light sleep, a transition phase lasting 5-10 minutes, where muscle activity slows and hypnic jerks may occur.

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Stage II of NREM Sleep

Represents about 50% of sleep, characterized by further slowing of body systems and sleep spindles aiding memory consolidation.

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Stage III & IV of NREM Sleep

Also called deep sleep or slow-wave sleep, crucial for tissue repair, muscle growth, and immune function.

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REM Sleep

Rapid eye movement sleep, accounting for 20-25% of sleep where vivid dreams occur, vital for emotional regulation and memory processing.

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Reticular Activating System (RAS)

Part of the brainstem that regulates wakefulness and sleep onset.

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Circadian Rhythms

The biological clock regulated by the hypothalamus, influencing sleep-wake cycles, appetite, and hormone release.

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Sleep Apnea

Temporary cessation of breathing during sleep, often leading to fragmented sleep and excessive daytime drowsiness.

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Chronic Insomnia

Persistent difficulty in falling or staying asleep, often resulting from stress or anxiety, leading to fatigue and cognitive impairment.

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Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)

A condition characterized by tingling or crawling sensations in the legs, often disrupting sleep.

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Polysomnography

A diagnostic test that measures brain activity, oxygen levels, and body movements during sleep.

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Sleep Hygiene

Practices that promote healthy sleep, including consistent bedtimes and creating a calming pre-sleep routine.

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Cataplexy

A sudden loss of muscle control, often triggered by strong emotions, commonly associated with narcolepsy.

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Environmental Factors Affecting Sleep

Includes noise, light, and temperature extremes that can disrupt sleep quality.

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Importance of Sleep for Cognitive Function

Sleep enhances memory consolidation and supports creativity and problem-solving.