Life spam practice

Tina is an impulsive adolescent; her parents, however, are extremely supportive. As compared to the average adolescent, Tina is _____ likely to take risks.

less

deviancy training

The process where peers reinforce antisocial or risky behavior through conversation, encouragement, or laughter

A longitudinal study of all middle school students in one community (Dishion et al., 2019) found that _____ had healthy relationships with their parents and peers

most

Stagnation

when one does not feel one is contributing to society during middle adulthood.

Volatile Mismatch:

Educational settings which emphasize competition instead of cooperation

Schools vary internationally in:

• Expectations

• Curriculum

• Class size

In Japan:

school is their job

In Europe:

have job as part of school

____drugs activate the brain.

Psychoactive

Suicide rates are _____ times higher for LGBTQ+ youth than others.

7

Which statement is NOT true about adolescent drug use?

Alcohol is used more by older adolescents than younger adolescents.

Inhalants are used more by older adolescents than younger adolescents.

Prescription drugs are abused more by older adolescents than younger adolescents.

Marijuana is used more by older adolescents than younger adolescents

Inhalants are used more by older adolescents than younger adolescents.

Sophia is a 17-year-old girl. Which statement is true about body fat for Sophia?

The average 17-year-old girl has twice the percentage of body fat as a 17-year-old boy.

Why are adolescents less susceptible to respiratory ailments than are younger children?

The lymphoid system (tonsils and adenoids) decreases in size.

Kindell is 13 years old and in the middle of his adolescent growth spurt. He is undertaking an intense program of athletic and weight training at his school. To minimize Kindell's chance of injury, Kindell's coach designs a program based on Kindell's size (or estimated size):

Last year

The PISA exam is intended to gauge:

cognition needed in adult life.

Roy is late for class and realizes that he left his cell phone at home. He needs to make a fast decision. He will most likely rely on _____ thought to help him make his decision.

intuitive

analytic

hypothetical-deductive

rational

The correct answer is intuitive.

Since Roy needs to make a fast decision, he won’t have time to carefully analyze or weigh all options (which would be analytic, rational, or hypothetical-deductive thinking). Instead, he’ll rely on gut feelings, instincts, or past experiences, which is exactly what intuitive thought is.

Analytic thought –

This is slow, logical, and deliberate thinking. You weigh pros and cons, consider evidence, and think carefully before making a decision. Example: solving a math problem or planning a detailed schedule.

Hypothetical-deductive thought –

This is the kind of reasoning where you imagine “what if” scenarios and test possibilities logically. It’s common in science experiments or when predicting outcomes based on rules. Example: “If I study 2 extra hours each day, my grade will improve—let’s see what happens.

Rational thought –

Similar to analytic, but more focused on using reasoning to make the best choice based on logic and facts. Example: deciding the best route to school by comparing traffic reports.

Analytic thought is to intuitive thought as the brain's _____ is to its ____

prefrontal cortex; limbic system

Which list contains items that all belong together in light of the dual-process model of cognition?

cold, decontextualized, factual

dialectical

is the ability to consider multiple viewpoints, even if they contradict each other, and then combine them into a more complete understanding (a synthesis).

Synthetic

sounds similar, but it’s not the correct psychological term here

In the past 20 years, growth in critical thinking during the college years has:

dropped by half.

Helicopter parenting

is an over-involved style where parents hover, micromanage, and overprotect their children to ensure success and safety

Farajah is 24. She is obsessively focused on her career. Her single-minded drive means that she is hardly responsive at all to others. She has few friends and seems uninterested in dating. According to Erikson, Farajah may have failed to resolve the psychosocial issue of:

autonomy versus shame and doubt.

With respect to the virtues developed during the successful resolution of Erikson's psychosocial stages, industry versus inferiority is to intimacy versus isolation as _____ is to _____.

competence; love

The connection between the _____ and the limbic system changes during puberty, and that increases risk-taking behavior.

hippocampus

left hemisphere

brain stem

ventral striatum

ventral striatum (which is involved in reward and pleasure) and the limbic system becomes more active. This makes teens more sensitive to rewards and excitement, which increases risk-taking behavior.

Brenda and Matt are in their first year of middle school. Statistically, one would expect their academic achievement to:

decline

The organ that produces the hormones that stimulate the adrenal glands is the:

pituitary

Which factor has NOT contributed to a decline in the number of young adolescent smokers in the United States?

the legal smoking age

About _____ percent of confessions in the United States are false.

20

Emerging adult Erum is a heavy social media user. This may _____ face-to-face friendships.

strengthen

On his own time, D.J. looks over his course syllabi for the term and realizes that, in three weeks, he has three assignments due on one day. D.J. decides he will do one assignment per week for the next three weeks so that he will have them all done by their due dates. D.J. is demonstrating _____ thinking.

postformal

If Erika has declared the most popular major in college in the United States, she is studying:

business

Currently, in the United States, of Howard Gardner's nine intelligences, _____ and _____ intelligence are prized, and these two abilities are at the core of most tests of aptitude and achievement.

linguistic; mathematical

Longitudinal research on measuring intelligence is more accurate than cross-sectional research. However, there are three drawbacks to this research design. Which is NOT one of the drawbacks?

an inability to determine continuity and discontinuity of intellectual development

Currently in the United States, _____ of adults are overweight.

2/3

A psychologist who is studying the mathematical abilities of adults finds significant differences between the scores of adults born 50 years ago, when rote learning was stressed, and those born 25 years ago, when more progressive approaches to education were popular. This is an example of a(n):

cohort difference.

A study of nearly 40,000 adults in the United States who had been in committed relationships for at least 3 years revealed that about _____ were highly satisfied with their sex lives, whereas _____ were not.

one-half; one-third

The average age of menopause is:

51

On Sundays and Wednesdays, Dana consumes a total of 500 to 750 calories. On the other days of the week, Dana eats normally, consuming 2000 to 2500 calories each day. Dana's diet exemplifies _____fasting.

punctuated

sporadic

intermittent

periodic

intermittent

Maya is 10 years old. In school, she sits at the back of the class even though she struggles to see the smart board. Maya's teacher suspects that she may need glasses for:

nearsightedness

Margaret has noticed that it is becoming increasingly difficult to read items when they are closer to her. She is likely developing:

farsightedness.

Ji-Sah is 13 years old. Lately she has noticed that she cannot see the birds in the tree outside of her bedroom window. Ji-Sah's mother suspects that she may need glasses for:

nearsightedness

About 1 in _____ young adults take antidepressants.

10

Based on information provided in the text, _____ percent of 18- to 44-year-olds take at least one prescription drug.

36

One type of high school class that is assessed by externally scored exams that may satisfy college requirements is:

• IB (International Baccalaureate).

• PIRLS (Progress in International Reading
  Literacy Study).

• PISA (Programme for International Student

• Assessment).

TIMS (Trends in International

Mathematics and Science Study).

• IB (International Baccalaureate).

The common middle-school schedule that involves students changing rooms, teachers, and classmates every 40 minutes:

creates a developmental mismatch between students' needs and the school context.

At adolescence, the pituitary activates the _____, which are the ovaries in females and testicles in males.

Gonads

Erik Erikson's sixth stage of development involves a continuum between:

intimacy and isolation.

Maximum strength potential typically peaks at about age:

25

Before the age of 65, only _____ percent of adults experience significant brain loss.

1

Francis is a retired registered nurse who fills in at the local hospital when the staff is in need of nurses. She is frequently called in without advance notice and must take over without any time to get oriented. Frances must rely on what Robert Sternberg calls "_____ intelligence" in order to grasp the expectations and needs of the situation.

Practical

Which statement about weight-loss surgery in obese adults is FALSE?

Such surgery decreases the need for life-changing habits