Rate Laws and Kinetics

These flashcards cover key concepts related to rate laws and kinetics from the lecture notes.

What is the differential rate law for a zeroth order reaction?

Rate = k

What is the integrated rate law for a first order reaction?

In[A] = -kt + In[A]₀

What is the integrated rate law for a second order reaction?

1/[A] = kt + 1/[A]₀

How can you determine the rate constant from a straight-line plot?

The slope of the plot will equal -k for first & zeroth order and k for second order.

What is the half-life expression for a first order reaction?

t₁/₂ = 0.693/k.

What units can the rate constant k have for different orders of reaction?

Zeroth order: M/s; First order: 1/s; Second order: M⁻¹s⁻¹.

How does the slope relate to the rate constant in a second order reaction?

For a second order reaction, the slope equals k.

What is the relationship between concentration and time for a first order reaction in a graph?

The graph of concentration vs. time is a downward curve, indicating that as time increases, the concentration decreases exponentially.

How does the half-life for a second order reaction relate to initial concentration?

The half-life for a second order reaction is inversely proportional to the initial concentration; as concentration increases, half-life increases.

What does a straight line on a concentration vs. time graph indicate for a zeroth order reaction?

A straight line indicates that the rate of reaction is constant and does not change with concentration.

What happens to the half-life of a zeroth order reaction if the rate constant k increases?

As the rate constant k increases, the half-life of a zeroth order reaction decreases, given by the equation t₁/₂ = [A₀]/2k.

What is the half-life expression for a second order reaction?

t₁/₂ = 1/k[A]₀, where [A]₀ is the initial concentration

The differential rate law for a zeroth order reaction is Rate = _.

k

The integrated rate law for a first order reaction is In[A] = -kt + In[A]_.

₀

The half-life expression for a first order reaction is t₁/₂ = ____/k.

0.693

For a second order reaction, the slope of the plot equals _.

k

The half-life expression for a second order reaction is t₁/₂ = 1/k[A]_ .

What is the differential rate law for a zeroth order reaction?

Rate = k

What is the integrated rate law for a first order reaction?

In[A] = -kt + In[A]₀

What is the half-life expression for a first order reaction?

t₁/₂ = 0.693/k.

How can you determine the rate constant from a straight-line plot for a second order reaction?

The slope of the plot equals k.

What does a straight line on a concentration vs. time graph indicate for a zeroth order reaction?

A straight line indicates that the rate of reaction is constant and does not change with concentration