Newton’s Laws of Motion

Dynamics

It is the study of the forces that cause objects and systems to move.

Force

It is either a push or pull that may cause an object to move, stop, or change its direction.

Newton (N)

It is the SI unit for force

Sir Isaac Newton

He is an English scientist and mathematician who is famous for his discovery of law of gravity and the three laws of motion.

Newton’s Laws of Motion

It describes the motion of all objects on the scale we experience in our daily lives.

Newton’s First Law of Motion

It states that an object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion at a constant speed and direction unless a net external force acts on it.

Law of Inertia

Newton’s First Law of Motion is also called ___________

Inertia

It is the capacity of an object to resist changes in motion

Proportional

The inertia of an object is ____________ to its mass

More; higher

The _____ massive an object is, the _______ is its inertia

Mass

It is a measurement of an object’s inertia whether it is at rest or in motion

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

It states the force equals mass times acceleration

The Law of Acceleration

Newton’s Second Law of Motion is also called

Proportional

The amount of force needed to accelerate an object is _________ to the mass of the object and the magnitude of acceleration

Directly proportional; indirectly proportional

Acceleration of an object is (directly proportional or indirectly proportional) to the net force acting on it and is (directly proportional or indirectly proportional) to its mass

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

It states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Law of Intercation

Newton’s Third Law of Motion is also called the __________

Same; opposite

If you apply a force on an object, that object will apply the (same or different) amount of force on you at the (same or opposite) direction

Action; reaction

In Newton’s Third Law of Motion, there will always be an ______ force and reaction ______

Weight

Normal Force

Friction

These are some common types of force used in the analysis of systems

Mass; weight

________ and _______ are different from each other

Mass

It is a scalar quantity that describes the amount of matter an object has

Weight

It is a vector quantity that describes the force exerted on an object by virtue of its position in a gravitational field

Normal force

It is a type of force exerted by a surface on an object

Perpendicular

Normal force always acts _________ to the surfaces in conctact

Frictional force or friction

It is a type of force that opposes the relative motion of an object

Parallel to the surfaces; opposite the direction

Frictional force or friction is a type of force always acts ________________ in contact and _______________ of the motion or attempted motion of an object.

Static friction

Kinetic friction

There are two types of friction

Static friction

It is a type of friction that occurs when two contacting surfaces/systems are stationary

Kinetic friction

It occurs when two objects/systems are moving relative to one another

Frictional force is (directly proportional or indirectly proportional) to the normal force and coefficient of friction

Type of materials in contact

Smoothness or roughness of the surfaces

Type of friction

The coefficient of friction depends on 3 factors

Greater than

The coefficient of static friction is (less than or greater than) the coefficient of kinetic friction

The coefficient of static friction is greater than the coefficient of friction

It is the reason why the lesser force is needed to continuously move an object after setting it in motion from stationary position

Directly proportional

Normal force is (directly proportional or indirectly proportional) to the mass or weight of the object

The normal force is directly proportional to the masa or weight of the object

It is the reason why it is harder to move heavier objects along a surface compared to lighter objects