DCC Greek Core Vocab (1-250)

GRK 201 Fall 2025; updated weekly as we add more words

ὁ, ἡ, τό

the

αὐτός, αὐτή, αὐτό

him- her- itself etc. (for emphasis); the same (with article); (pron.) him, her, it etc. (in oblique cases)

καί

and, also, even; καί...καί - both...and

δέ

and, but

τίς, τί

who? what? which? (interrog. pron./adj.)

εἰμί, ἔσομαι, impf. ἦν, infin. εἶναι

to be, exist

οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο

this, these; μετὰ ταῦτα - after this

ἤ

or; than (after a comparative); ἤ...ἤ - either...or

ἐν

in, among (+dat.)

μέν...δέ

on the one hand...on the other hand (often untranslated); μέν (by itself) - indeed

τις, τι

someone, something, anyone, anything, some, any (enclitic indef. pron./adj.)

ὅς, ἥ, ὅ

who, which, that

γάρ

for (explanatory), indeed, in fact (confirming)

οὐ, οὐκ, οὐχ

not (with indicative verbs)

λέγω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον, εἴρηκα, λέλεγμαι, ἐλέχθην or ἐρρήθην

to say, speak (of), recount; pick up, collect, count

ὡς

as, since; (introducing purpose clause) so that (+subj./opt.); (introducing indirect statement) that

τε

and; τε…τε - both…and

εἰς

into, to, towards (+acc.)

ἐπί

at (+gen.); on (+dat.); on to, against (+acc.)

κατά

down, down (from or along), throughout, according to

ἐγώ ἐμοῦ, (pl.) ἡμεῖς, ἡμῶν

I, we

πρός

from the side of, in the presence of (+gen.); near, at, in addition to (+dat.); to, towards, in relation to (+acc.)

γίγνομαι, γενήσομαι, 2 aor. ἐγενόμην, γέγονα, γεγένημαι, ἐγενήθην

to become, be born, happen

ἐάν (εἰ-ἄν)

if (+subj.)

διά

through, during, because of (+gen., acc.)

ἀλλά

but

πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν

every, all; whole (with article)

ἔχω, ἕξω or σχήσω, 2 aor. ἔσχον, ἔσχηκα, impf. εἶχον

to have, hold, keep

ἐκ, ἐξ

from, out of (+gen.)

πολύς, πολλή, πολύ

much, many

περί

around, about; concerning (+gen.)

μή

not (marks the negative as subjective or conditional); εἰ μή - if not, except

ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅτι

anyone who, anything which; (in indir. quest.) who, which, what

ἄν

marks verbs as potential (with optative), or generalizing (with subjunctive)

σύ, σοῦ, (pl.) ὑμεῖς, ὑμῶν

you

ἀνά

up, on; throughout

ὅτι

because, that; (with superl.) as...as possible

εἰ

if (+indic. or opt.); εἴπερ - if indeed

ἄλλος, ἄλλη, ἄλλο

other, another

ἀπό

from (+gen.)

φημί, φήσω, impf. ἔφην

to say, assert, declare; οὐ φημί - deny, refuse, say that...not

ὑπό

under (+gen., dat.); by (+gen. of personal agent); down under (+acc.)

ποιέω, ποιήσω, ἐποίησα, πεποίηκα, πεποίημαι, ἐποιήθην

to make, produce, cause, do; (mid.) consider, reckon

οὖν

therefore, accordingly; at any rate

λόγος, λόγου, ὁ

word, speech, discourse; thought, reason, account

παρά

from (+gen.); beside (+dat.); to, to the side of, contrary to (+acc.)

οὕτως

in this way

πρότερος, προτέρα, πρότερον

before, earlier; τὸ πρότερον - previously, before

θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ/ἡ

god, goddess

μετά

with (+gen.); after (+acc.)

ἑαυτοῦ, ἑαυτῆς, ἑαυτοῦ

him- her- itself (reflexive pron.)

μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα

big, great, powerful

οὐδέ

and not, but not, nor; οὐδέ...οὐδέ - not even...nor yet

ἐκεῖνος, ἐκείνη, ἐκεῖνο

that person or thing; ἐκεῖνος…οὗτος - the former…the latter

τοιοῦτος, τοιαύτη, τοιοῦτο

such, of such a sort

οὐδείς, οὐδεμία, οὐδέν

no one, nothing

εἶπον

I said, I spoke, 2 aor. → λέγω, φημί

ἀγαθός, ἀγαθή, ἀγαθόν

good, virtuous, brave, noble

γε

(enclitic) indeed; at least, at any rate

δή

surely, really, now, in fact, indeed (gives greater exactness)

πόλις, πόλεως, ἡ

city, city-state

εἷς, μία, ἕν

one

ἵημι, ἥσω, ἧκα, -εἷκα, εἷμαι, -εἵθην

to put in motion, let go, shoot; (mid.) hasten, rush

δέω, δεήσω, ἐδέησα, δεδέηκα, δεδέημαι, ἐδεήθην

to lack, miss, stand in need of (+gen.)

ἄνθρωπος, -ου, ὁ/ἡ

human being

ὁράω, ὄψομαι, 2 aor. εἶδον, ἑόρακα and ἑώρακα, ὤφθην, impf. ἑώρων

to see, look (to)

μόνος, μόνη, μόνον

alone, single

οὔτε...οὔτε

neither...nor

οἷος, οἵα, οἷον

such as, of what sort, like, (exclam.) what a!, how! ; οἷός τε (+infin.) - fit or able to; οἷόν τε (+infin.) - it is possible to

λαμβάνω, λήψομαι, ἔλαβον, εἴληφα, εἴλημμαι, ἐλήφθην

to take, grasp, seize; receive, get

δοκέω, δόξω, ἔδοξα

to think, suppose, imagine (+acc. and infin.); seem, seem good; (impers.) δοκεῖ μοι it seems to me

ἕτερος, ἑτέρα, ἕτερον

the other (of two); other, another

κακός, –ή, –όν

bad, wicked, cowardly

ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός, ὁ

man, husband

ἐπεί

after, since, when

ὅσος, ὅση, ὅσον

however much; as great as; (in pl.) as many as; ὅσον (adv.) as much as

καλέω, καλῶ, ἐκάλεσα, κέκληκα, κέκλημαι, ἐκλήθην

to call, summon

σῶμα, σώματος, τό

body

δεῖ, δεήσει, impf. ἔδει

it is necessary, one must, one ought (+acc. and infin.)

ὥσπερ

just as, as if

δίδωμι, δώσω, ἔδωκα, δέδωκα, δέδομαι, ἐδόθην

to give, grant, offer

ἔτι

still, yet

φύσις, φύσεως, ἡ

nature; (of the mind) one’s nature or disposition; regular order of nature

μικρός, –ά, –όν

small, little, short

δύναμαι, δυνήσομαι, ἐδυνήθην, δεδύνημαι

(+infin.) to be able (to), be strong enough (to)

ὥστε

(introducing natural or actual result clause) so as, so that, (with the result) that

ἀρχή, ἀρχῆς, ἡ

beginning, origin; rule, empire, realm; magistracy

ἕκαστος, ἑκάστη, ἕκαστον

each (of several)

ἡμέρα, ἡμέρας, ἡ

day

φύω, φύσω, ἔφυσα

to bring forth, produce, beget; 2 aor. ἔφυν grew, pf. πέφυκα be by nature

ἅπας, ἅπασα, ἅπαν

all together

ὅμοιος, ὁμοία, ὅμοιον

like, resembling (+dat.)

νῦν, νυνί

now

γῆ, γῆς, ἡ

earth

δύναμις, δυνάμεως, ἡ

power, strength, ability

καλός, –ή, –όν

beautiful, noble, honorable

κύριος, κυρίου, ὁ

lord, master

μᾶλλον

more, rather; μᾶλλον...ἤ rather than

ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε

this

ὅλος, ὅλη, ὅλον

whole, entire, complete