Principles of Anatomy & Physiology Chapters 1–4 Practice Quiz

Flashcards covering foundational concepts in anatomy and physiology based on Chapters 1-4.

What is anatomy defined as?

The study of body structures.

Which level of organization consists of similar cells performing a common function?

Tissue.

What is maintaining a relatively stable internal environment known as?

Homeostasis.

Which type of feedback loop returns a change to its normal range?

Negative feedback.

How is the anatomical position described?

Standing upright, palms forward.

What does a frontal (coronal) plane divide the body into?

Anterior and posterior.

Which cavity contains the heart and lungs?

Thoracic cavity.

What membrane lines the abdominal cavity wall?

Parietal peritoneum.

What is the positively charged subatomic particle?

Proton.

Which bond involves the sharing of electrons?

Covalent bond.

Why can water dissolve many substances?

Due to its polarity.

A substance with a pH of 3 is classified as?

Acidic.

What process builds large molecules from smaller ones?

Dehydration synthesis.

What is the body's primary energy source organic compound?

Carbohydrates.

How do enzymes function?

By decreasing activation energy.

What does cell theory state?

All living organisms are made of cells.

What controls what enters and leaves the cell?

Plasma membrane.

The fluid mosaic model describes which structure?

Plasma membrane.

Diffusion requires what to occur?

A concentration gradient.

What is osmosis the movement of?

Water across membranes.

How does active transport differ from diffusion?

It requires ATP.

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP?

Mitochondrion.

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Modifying and packaging proteins.

Why is mitosis important?

To repair and grow tissues.

What is a tissue defined as?

Cells with similar structure and function.

Which tissue type covers body surfaces?

Epithelial tissue.

Which characteristic does epithelial tissue NOT have?

Extensive blood supply.

What type of tissue binds and supports other tissues?

Connective tissue.

Which connective tissue transports substances throughout the body?

Blood.

How is skeletal muscle classified?

Voluntary and striated.

Where is cardiac muscle found?

In the heart.

What is the primary function of nervous tissue?

Communication.