Abnormal Psychology: Past and Present

Flashcards covering key concepts in the field of Abnormal Psychology, including definitions, historical views, treatment, ethical considerations, and research methods.

What is the definition of abnormal psychology?

The scientific study of abnormal behavior aimed at describing, predicting, explaining, and changing abnormal patterns of functioning.

What are the 4 D's that help determine what is considered abnormal?

Deviance, Distress, Dysfunction, and Danger.

What was the purpose of trephination in the Stone Age?

It involved cutting holes in the skull to treat abnormal behavior, believing it would release evil spirits.

What imbalance was believed to cause mental disorders in Ancient Greek and Roman views?

An imbalance of the four bodily fluids (humors): yellow bile, black bile, blood, or phlegm.

What changes occurred in the treatment of mental disorders during the 19th century?

Asylums became more humane, focusing on respect for patients instead of torture and confinement.

What three etiologies were recognized in the 20th century regarding mental disorders?

Supernatural, somatogenic, and psychogenic causes.

What significant treatment development occurred with the introduction of psychotropic medications?

Deinstitutionalization and the shift toward community care for mental health patients.

How did the COVID pandemic affect mental health treatment methods?

Telehealth became more available, increasing access to mental health services.

What is the difference between nomothetic and idiographic understanding in psychological research?

Nomothetic understanding applies general knowledge to all, while idiographic understanding focuses on individual assessment and treatment.

What are some common research methods used in psychology?

Case studies, correlation, experimental, longitudinal, and epidemiological methods.

What ethical considerations must be taken when conducting research on mental health disorders?

Informed consent, protection from harm, confidentiality, and debriefing participants.

What happens to the happiness levels and face-to-face interactions in relation to our online presence?

Happiness and face-to-face interactions have decreased while online presence has increased.