Bones of the Upper Body

A collection of flashcards covering key vocabulary and terms related to the bones of the upper body, their markings, and classifications.

Clavicle

Also known as the collarbone, it is part of the pectoral girdle.

Scapula

Also known as the shoulder blade, part of the pectoral girdle.

Humerus

The upper arm bone.

Radius

The lateral bone of the forearm, located on the thumb side.

Ulna

The medial bone of the forearm, located on the opposite side of the thumb.

Carpals

The bony structures of the wrist.

Metacarpals

The bones of the hand that connect to the fingers.

Phalanges

The bones of the fingers and toes.

Sternum

The breastbone, central bone of the chest.

Axial Skeleton

Includes the skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and hyoid bone.

Appendicular Skeleton

Includes extremities and girdles that support them.

Pectoral Girdle

The girdle supporting the upper limbs, includes the clavicle and scapula.

Pelvic Girdle

The girdle supporting the lower limbs, includes the os coxae, sacrum, and coccyx.

True Ribs

Ribs 1-7 that attach directly to the sternum.

False Ribs

Ribs 8-12 that attach to the sternum via shared cartilage.

Floating Ribs

Ribs 11-12 that do not attach to the sternum.

Manubrium

The upper part of the sternum.

Body (sternum)

The central part of the sternum.

Xiphoid Process

The lower tip of the sternum.

Acromial End

The lateral end of the clavicle that connects to the scapula.

Sternal End

The medial end of the clavicle that connects to the sternum.

Coracoid Process

A small hook-like structure on the scapula.

Glenoid Cavity

The cavity in the scapula that receives the head of the humerus.

Deltoid Tuberosity

A raised area on the humerus for muscle attachment.

Radial Fossa

A depression on the humerus for the radius.

Olecranon Fossa

A depression on the humerus for the elbow.

Capitulum

A rounded knob on the humerus that articulates with the radius.

Trochlea

A spool-shaped surface on the humerus that articulates with the ulna.

Lateral Epicondyle

A bony prominence on the outer side of the humerus.

Medial Epicondyle

A bony prominence on the inner side of the humerus.

Suprascapular Notch

A notch in the scapula for nerve passage.

Infraspinous Fossa

A depression below the spine on the scapula.

Supraspinous Fossa

A depression above the spine on the scapula.

Radial Tuberosity

A protrusion on the radius for muscle attachment.

Styloid Process (Radius)

A bony projection at the distal end of the radius.

Os Coxae

The hip bone, made up of three fused bones.

Symphysis Pubis

The joint where the two os coxae meet anteriorly.

Sacrum

A triangular bone at the base of the spine.

Coccyx

The small bone at the very end of the vertebral column.