Studied by 30 people
SUNDAY: TRIUMPHAL ENTRY
Jesus travelled to Jerusalem for Passover
Luke 9: 51: “resolutely” – to fix or set one’s face toward a thing.
On March 29, AD 30 (or 33), Jesus enters Jerusalem (Matt 21: 1-11; Mark 11: 1-10; Luke 19: 29-44; John 12: 12-19)
Fulfilled prophecy from Zechariah 9:9
Crowds called out, “Hosanna”, which means “Save”.
Crowds proclaimed him the Son of David
MONDAY: JESUS CLEANSES THE TEMPLE
March 30
Jesus curses a fig tree (Matt 21: 18-19; Mark 11: 12-14)
In the OT, a fig tree was often used to signify Israel
By cleansing the temple, Jesus is directly challenging the religious leaders.
This direct disrespect for authority seals the deal for them: Jesus must die.
“They looked for a way to arrest him, but they were afraid of the crowd because the people held that he was a prophet.”-Matt 21: 46
TUESDAY: PARABLES AND PREDICTIONS
March 31
During this time, Jesus teaches and engages in more controversy at the temple.
He critiques the Pharisees, scribes, and Sadducees
Matt 23: 1-39; Mark 12: 38-40; Luke 20: 45-47
WEDNESDAY: THE PLOT AGAINST JESUS
April 1
Sometimes called the “Silent Day”
The crowds are listening to him preach
The Sanhedrin (supreme council and tribunal of the Jews) plot to kill Jesus
Matthew 26: 3-5; Mark 14: 1-2; Luke 22: 1-2
THURSDAY: PREPARATIONS FOR THE PASSOVER
April 2
Wednesday to Thursday nightfall would have been the time to prepare for the Passover meal.
Passover meal consisted of roasted lamb, bitter herbs, unleavened bread, fruit sauce, and four cups of wine.
Jesus states his time is at hand (Matthew 26: 18). The disciples thought he meant that it was time to overthrow the religious leaders and Roman overloads.
Bread
His body, broken for us
Matthew 26: 20-29; Mark 14: 17-23; Luke 22: 14-30
Wine
His blood poured out for the forgiveness of sins
DURING THE PASSOVER/ The betrayer
Jesus states that one of the 12 will betray him (Luke 22:23).
“Is it I?”
“You have said so”.
Judas, shortly after, leaves the meal.
DURING THE PASSOVER/Authority in Christ’s Kingdom
Disciples believe they are on the “winning” side (Luke 22: 24-30)
Jesus states authority in Christ’s Kingdom is the opposite of Gentile rulers
Greatest are the ones who serve.
JESUS WASHES THE DISCIPLES’ FEET
It was customary for a servant to wash the feet of guests who came to the house to eat.
Jesus takes on the role of servant
What is servant leadership, and why is it important to us?
https://youtu.be/cyc4ET1iXwY
THE HIGH PRIESTLY PRAYER (JOHN 17) The Father Gave the Son
Authority to give eternal life
People out of this world
Work to accomplish
Words
His name
Glory
THE HIGH PRIESTLY PRAYER (CONT’D) The Son Gives Believers
Eternal life
The Father’s word
Manifestation of the Father’s name
Glory
THE HIGH PRIESTLY PRAYER (CONT’D) The Son Asks the Father to
Glorify him
Keep believers in the Father’s name
Keep believers from the Evil One
Sanctify believers in the truth
Make believers one
THE HIGH PRIESTLY PRAYER (CONT’D) Jesus’ Followers and the World
They are sent into the world
They are in the world
They are not of the world
The world has hated them
Their unity with each other and union with God may cause the world to believe the Father sent the Son
IN THE GARDEN
Matthew 26: 36-46; Mark 14: 32-42; Luke 22: 40-46
Gethsemane – derived from a word meaning “oil press”; was located at the foot of the Mount of Olives
Jesus often met here with his disciples (John 18: 2)
• Mark 14: 36 – Jesus knows he is about to bear God’s judgment for sin as a substitutionary sacrifice for the sins of the world.
Substitutionary – sacrifices Himself in the place of condemned sinners to satisfy God’s holy and righteous judgments against sinners.
“cup” – God’s righteous wrath poured out on sinners
FULL SUBMISSION TO THE WILL OF GOD
Cycle of prayer, disciples sleeping – 3x
Luke 22: 43 – God sent an angel to strengthen him
God will not leave us to suffer alone
Hematridrosis – a rare medical condition in which blood vessels burst under extreme anguish or physical stress and sweat mixes with blood.
FRIDAY, APRIL 3RD
Matthew 26: 47-56; Mark 14: 43-52; Luke 22: 47-53; John 18: 2-12
“One of the Twelve” – betrayer
THE JEWISH TRIAL OF JESUS (PHASE 1) - INFORMAL
John 18: 13-14, 19-24
Before Annas
Jesus is violently struck (John 18: 22)
Sends him to Caiaphas (son-in-law)
Peter and John are watching
THE JEWISH TRIAL OF JESUS (PHASE 2) – MORE FORMAL
Matthew 26: 57, 59-68; Mark 14: 53, 55-56
“whole council” – most likely a quorum (23 members or more)
No charges can stick
Hurrying to convict him before the Passover pilgrims find out
Jesus responds with silence (Isaiah 53:7)
Jesus’ claim makes him guilty of blasphemy and makes him guilty of insurrection and treason (punishable by death)
Son of God (blasphemy) – Receive cosmic kingship (threat to the Roman emperor)
THE JEWISH TRIAL OF JESUS (PHASE 3): THE FINAL VERDICT
Matthew 27: 1-2; Mark 15:1
After sunrise
Judas hangs himself (Matt 27: 3-10)
THE ROMAN TRIAL OF JESUS (PHASE 1): PILATE
Matthew 27: 11-14; Mark 15: 2-5; Luke 23: 1-7; John 18 28-38
Pilate tells them to handle themselves, but the Jewish leaders push it back on Pilate.
Jews were horrified by crucifixion and viewed it as equivalent to hanging on a tree – a death indicating they were cursed by God (Deut 21:23)
Jewish leaders emphasize political charges
Pilate just needs to determine if he is a threat to Roman rule
He thinks Jesus is innocent, but the Jews are in an uproar. He tries to find a loophole. Jesus, being a Galilean, is under Herod Antipas’ jurisdiction. Let Herod deal with Jesus.
THE ROMAN TRIAL OF JESUS (PHASE 2): HEROD ANTIPAS
Luke 23: 8-12
Herod wants to see a miracle. When Jesus won’t “perform” for him, he and his soldiers mock Jesus.
Finds Jesus innocent, and sends him back to Pilate.
THE ROMAN TRIAL OF JESUS (PHASE 3): THE FINAL VERDICT
Matthew 27: 15-26; Mark 15: 6-15; Luke 23: 13-25; John 18: 38-19: 16
Not guilty (John 18:38)
Does not satisfy the Jews
Proposes a solution (Barabbas)
Gospel
Good news
Synoptic
To see together; to have the same view or outlook
Source criticism
The quest to determine the literary relationships between the Gospels.
Parable
A story used to teach a spiritual lesson
What are the 5 synoptic gospels?
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
What are the four main schools of thought?
Augustinian
Two-Gospel
Markan Priority
Two-Document Hypothesis
Augustinian?
Matthew (source material)
Mark
Luke
Two-Gospel?
Matthew (source material)
Luke
Mark
Markan Priority
Mark (source material)
Matthew
Luke
Two-Document Hypothesis
Mark (source material)
Matthew & Q (source material)
Luke & Q (source material)
The gospel <del>of</del> Matthew (author?)
Matthew
One of Jesus’ 12 disciples
Also called Levi
Name means, “Gift of Yahweh”
The gospel <del>of</del> Matthew (Date/Audience?)
50’s or 60’s
Written for a jewish audience
The gospel <del>of</del> Matthew (Purpose?)
To demonstrate that Jesus is the Messiah predicted in the OT
The gospel <del>of</del> Matthew (Themes?)
Jesus is Immanuel
Jesus is Messiah
Jesus is the Savior of God’s people
The Gospel of Mark (audience?)
John Mark
An interpreter of Peter
The Gospel of Mark (Date/audience?)
Mid to late 50’s
Written for a Gentile audience
The Gospel of Mark (Purpose?)
To provide an apologetic argument for the cross.
The Gospel of Mark (Themes?)
Jesus is the authoritative miracle-working Son of God
The Kingdom of God
The Gospel of Luke (Audience?)
Luke
A Gentile physician that was known and loved by Paul
The Gospel of Luke (Date/ audience?)
58-60
Theophilus -
“friend or lover of God”
The Gospel of Luke (Purpose?)
A defense of the Christian faith.
Useful for both evangelism and discipleship
The Gospel of Luke (Themes?)
Jesus is Immanuel “God with us”
Jesus is the Messiah
The Gospel of John ( Author?)
John
One of Jesus’ 12 disciples
The only disciple that was not martyred
Known as “the disciple whom Jesus loved”
The Gospel of John (Date/ Audience?)
Mid or late 80’s or early 90’s
A universal audience in Ephesus
The Gospel of John (Purpose?)
To demonstrate that Jesus is the Messiah
So that people would believe in Him and have eternal life
The Gospel of John (Themes?)
Jesus is the Messiah
Jesus is God
Note
Flashcard