GROUP 1 UTILITIES BASIC PLUMBING AND SANITARY DESIGN

The Minoan Palace of Knossos

On the isle of Crete had terra cotta (baked clay) piping laid beneath the floor.

The Roman Plumber

an artisan who worked with lead. Both male and female plumbers soldered, installed, and repaired roofs, gutters, sewers. drains. and every part of the plumbing supply, waste, and storm drainage system.

Plumbing

It is derived from the Latin word plumbum for lead (Pb).

Plumbing

It is the art and science of installing pipes, fixtures and other apparatus to convey and supply water in building and to dispose and discharge wastewater and other liquids, gases, and other substances out of buildings in a safe, orderly, healthy, and sanitary way to ensure the health and sanitation of life and property.

Plumber

It is a title given to a person who is skilled in the field of sanitation.

Soil Pipe

any pipe which conveys the discharge of water closets, urinals, or fixtures having similar functions.

Stack

a general term used for any vertical line of soil, waste, or vent piping.

Soil Stack Pipe

a vertical soil pipe conveying fecal matter and liquid waste.

Stack Vent

an extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack.

Vent

a pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for reducing to pressure exerted on trap seals.

Unit Vent

an arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe will serve two traps.

Wet Vent

that portion of a vent pipe through which liquid waste flow.

Branch

any part of a piping system other than the main riser or stack.

Main

the principal artery of the system to which branches may be connected.

Branch Vent

a vent pipe connecting from a branch of the drainage system to a vent stack.

Waste Pipe

a pipe that conveys only liquid wastes free of fecal matter.

Drain

a sewer or other pipe or conduit used for conveying groundwater, surface water, wastewater, or sewage.

Sewer

a pipe or conduit for carrying sewage and waste liquid.

Sewage

the liquid wastes conducted away from buildings/structures, also of the storm water.

Sewerage

a comprehensive term, including all construction for collection, transportation, pumping, treatment, and final disposition of waste.

Cleanout

a sleeve, calked or otherwise, joined to an opening in a pipe, into which a plug is screwed that can be removed from the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe.

Trap

a fitting or device so constructed as to prevent the passage of air, gas, and some vermin through a pipe without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it.

House Drain

that part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system that receives the discharge from soil, waste, and other drainage pipes inside of a building and conveys it to the house sewer.

House Sewer

is the part of a plumbing system extending from a point about four or five feet from the inner face of the foundation wall of a building to the junction with another sewer.

House Trap

a trap connected to the lowest horizontal piping or the House Drain.

Relief Vent

a vent which primary function is to provide circulation of air between drainage and vent system.

Public Sewer

a common sewer directly controlled by the public authority to which all abutters have equal rights of connection.

Siphonage

a suction caused by the flow of liquids in pipes.

Spigot

the end of a pipe that fits into a bell. Also a word synonymously with faucet.

Seal

the vertical distance between the dip and the crown wire of a trap.

Roughing-in

the installation of all pipes in the plumbing system that is in partitions and under floors.

Finishing

the setting of fixtures.

Sump

a pit or receptable at a low point to which the liquid wastes are drained

Sleeve

a sheet metal placed when concrete is poured to accommodate future plumbing pipes.

Pipe Chase

an opening or space to accommodate a group of pipes.

Plumbing Fixtures

are installed receptacles, devices or appliances which are supplied with water, or which receives or discharge into the drainage system which may be directly or indirectly connected.