Extra (Exam 3)

What are Neutrophils?

Most quickly to respond to tissue damage by bacteria

What are Eosinophils?

Destroys parasites and they also contribute to allergic response

What are Basophils?

Releases a variety of chemicals that promote inflammation and allergic responses

What are examples of Basophils?

Histamine, leukotrienes and prostaglandins

What are Monocytes?

Macrophages (wandering vs. fixed)

What are Lymphocytes?

Natural killer cells

What are B lymphocytes (B cells)?

Produced by bone marrow and are antibody producing cells

What are T lymphocytes (T cells)?

Produced by thymus gland and are in charge of destroying pathogens

What are four signs and symptoms of inflammation?

Redness, pain, heat and swelling

What are the three steps of inflammation?

Vasodilation, emigration of phagocytes from blood and tissue repair

What does vasodilation do?

Allows more blood flow to the site by increasing permeability

What is adaptive immunity?

Ability to defend yourself against SPECIFIC microbes and other foreign agents and it involves antigens

What are antigens?

Substances recognized as foreign and provoke an immune response

What is innate immunity?

Non-specific, without memory component and its the ability of the body to defend itself against microbes and other foreign substances

What is immunogenicity?

Ability to provoke an immune response by stimulating the production of specific antibodies

What is reactivity?

The antibody binds specifically to the antigen that provoked it

What is a complete antigen?

Immunogenicity and reactivity

What is hapten?

Reactivity only (such as poison ivy)

What are the five classes of antibodies?

IgG, IgA, IgE, IgM and IgD

What are IgG antibodies?

Most common, secondary response (80%)

What are IgA antibodies?

Secretory form (tears, breast milk) (10-15%)

What are IgE antibodies?

Involved in allergic responses (.1%)

What are IgM antibodies?

Involved in primary response (5-10%)

What are IgD antibodies?

Found on surface of B cells and role is unclear

What is the function of antibodies?

To protect you from unwanted substances that enter the body