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What is Totalitarianism?
A theory of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social and cultural lives of is people(the leader has total control)
Fascism(Italy)
The people of this party believe in glorifying war, extreme nationalism and an all powerful dictator. Private property is alright to have, but it is regulated.
Nazism(Germany)
Very similar to the fascists, this is basically fascism+extreme racism.
Communism(USSR)
All property belongs to the gov’t and there isn’t any private property. This created a classless society.
Who is the leader of Italy?
Mussolini
Who is the leader of USSR?
Stalin
Who is the leader of Germany?
Hitler
Militarists(Japan)
Led by an Emperor and is a constitutional monarchy.
What happened to Spain?
They were a Democratic republican government. The nationalists rebelled against the government.
Who led Spain?
General Francisco Franco
What aggressive actions did Italy have in the 1930’s?
In 1935 they invaded the country of Ethiopia.
What aggressive actions did Germany have in the 1930’s?
In 1936 troops were sent to the Rhineland, which is a restricted area. He focused on reunifying his country into 1 Reich.
Isolationism
A policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries.
What was the Washington Naval Conference?
It was when the world’s 5 leading naval powers(US, Japan, France, GB, and Italy) agree to shrink navies.
What is the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
This pact outlawed war in 62 nations.
What was the Neutrality Act of 1939?(Cash and Carry)
It allowed nations to buy goods and arms in the US. The only catch was that they had to pay with cash and bring it back on their own ships.
What is the Lend-Lease Act?
This act authorized Roosevelt to sell, transfer title, exchange, lease, lend and or otherwise dispose of any such government an defense article.
What is appeasement?
It is a policy that France and Britain pursued against aggressive nations during 1930.
What was the Munich Pact supposed to preserve?
It was supposed to preserve “peace for our time”
Who was Neville Chamberlain?
He was the Prime minister of Britain during 1940.
What was the Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact?
They(Germany and Soviets) promised not to attack each other and agreed to invade and divide Poland. They also recognized each other as territorial ambitions.
What did the Poland invasion signifiy?
It signified the start of the war
What was the Blitzkrieg?
It was a sudden attack that hit Poland from 3 different directions, It was a new style of warfare.
What countries did Germany conquer in 1940?
Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxemborg
What was the Battle of Britain?
It was an Air Battle, they had radar and they had good air-force. They also had Winston Churchill
Who are the Axis Powers?
Germany, Italy and Japan
What was the Atlantic Charter?
This was a document that endorsed national self-determination and an international system of “general security”. This signaled the deepening of the alliances between 2 nations(US and Britain)
Who are the Allies Powers?
Britain, France, Soviet Union, Us and China
What was Pearl Harbor?
This was an attack on the Hawaii Naval Base by the Japanese. 2500 Americans were killed during this and 8 battleships were severely damaged.
Who were the American Generals for the European Theater?
Dwight D. Eisenhower and George S. Patton
What was Stalingrad?
During the Winter of 1942-1943, Germany lost at Stalingrad. This was the turning point in Eastern Europe.
What was D-Day?
This was when Allied troops invade Normandy to free France from the Nazi control. This was the turning point in Western Europe.
What was the Battle of the Bulge?
This was the last German counterattack
What is an unconditional surrender?
The surrendering country surrenders with no wants, and doesn’t get to chose anything.
What was the Yalta Conference?
This was a meeting between the allied leaders(Churchill, FDR, and Stalin). Stalin promised to fight Japan 3 months after German surrender.
Who were the American Generals of the Pacific Theater?
Douglas MacArthur and Chester Nimitz
What was the Battle of Midway?
This was the “turning point” in the Pacific. It was also the 3rd and final turning point in WW2
What is island hopping?
This is going to island to island and only attacking the big ones, while hopping over the small ones.
What was the Manhattan Project?
It was a Secret American Project to develop an atomic bomb(started in 1939)
Where were the 2 atomic bombs dropped in Japan?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
What caused the Japanese to surrender?
The second atomic bomb drop finally made the Japanese surrender unconditionally.
Who was Harry S Truman?
He was the Preceding President after FDR passed away.
What was the Holocaust?
Hitler murders masses of Jews(6 million), Poles, Czechs, Russians, homosexuals, Gypies and Handicapped(5 million). All of these people were put into concentration camps(death camps)
What is rationing?
This is when Americans were issued a coupon book that limited the amount of certain goods, such as butter and tires that they could buy.
What did women do during the war?
They took on the roles that were originally done by men who were now at war. They built planes, bullets and many other things. It is said that Women helped to win the war.
What did African Americans do during the war?
1 million served in the armed forces and they were put into segregated units. They worked inside northern factories after a second great migration.
What did Japanese do during the war?
100,000 were forced into interment camps in the western areas. They were treated simply just by simply racism.
What was the Selective Service Act?
It was a peace time draft, it provided military training for 1.2 million troops and 800,000 reserve troops each year.
What is the Office of Price Administration(OPA)?
They had the authority to control wages and to set max prices.
What was the War Production Board?
They oversee the conversation of peacetime industry to war industry.
How did America Pay for the War?
Congress levied a 5% tax on all working Americans and Millions of Americans bought war bonds to save income and invest.
What is the GI Bill?
It was passed in 1944 and it gave veterans economic and educational assistance.
What was the Baby Boom?
This was a period of higher than normal birthrates. From the year 1945-early 1960’s it was more normal to have 8+ kids then just 2.
What was Demoilization?
This was the move from a war economy to a peace time economy. Everyone feared a return of the great depression.
What is the Department of Defense?
It was apart of the Presidents Cabinet. The secretary of defense over sees the army,navy and air force
What is the National Security Council?
It advises presidents on issues affecting the nations security. It included sec of defense, sec of state, and heads of the 3 military branches.
What was the Central Intelligence Agency?
It was created in 1949 and it gathers intelligence on foreign countries.
Who was Charles `Da Gaulle?
He was the leader of the Free French Forces.
Where was Patton VS Rommel?
Europe and North Africa
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Flashcard (26)